Biography of Andy Warhol, Icon of Pop Art

Biography of Andy Warhol, Icon of Pop Art Andy Warhol (born Andrew Warhola; Aug. 6, 1928–Feb. 22, 1987) was one of the most important artists of pop art, a genre that became popular in the second half of the 20th century. Though he is best remembered for his mass-produced paintings of Campbells soup cans, he created hundreds of other works ranging from commercial advertisements to films. His best-known work, including the soup cans, reflected his views on the banality that he saw in the commercial culture of America. Fast Facts; Andy Warhol Known For: Pop artAlso Known As: Andrew WarholaBorn: Aug. 6, 1928 in Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaParents: Andrej and Julia WarholaDied: Feb. 22, 1987 in New York, New YorkEducation: Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University)Published Works: Commercial illustrations, paintings, filmsï » ¿Notable Quote: I just happen to like ordinary things. When I paint them, I dont try to make them extraordinary. I just try to paint them ordinary-ordinary. Early Life and Education Andy Warhol was born on Aug. 6, 1928, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and grew up there with his older brothers, Paul and John, and his parents, Andrej and Julia Warhola, both of whom had emigrated from Czechoslovakia (now called Slovakia). Devout Byzantine Catholics, the family regularly attended Mass and observed their Eastern European heritage. Even as a young boy, Warhol liked to draw, color, and cut and paste pictures. His mother, who was also artistic, encouraged him by giving him a chocolate bar every time he finished a page in his coloring book. Elementary school was traumatic for Warhol, especially once he contracted Sydenhams chorea, also known as St. Vitus dance, a disease that attacks the nervous system and makes the sufferer shake uncontrollably. Warhol missed a lot of school during several month-long periods of bed rest. Additionally, large, pink blotches on Warhols skin, also from the disorder, didnt help his self-esteem or acceptance by other students. This led to nicknames such as â€Å"Spot† and â€Å"Andy the Red-Nosed Warhola† and a lifelong interest in clothing, wigs, cosmetics, and, later, plastic surgery in response to what he perceived as his flaws. During high school, Warhol took art classes there and at the Carnegie Institute (now the Carnegie Museum of Art). He was somewhat of an outcast because he was quiet, could always be found with a sketchbook in his hands, and had shockingly pale skin and white-blond hair. Warhol also loved to go to movies and started a collection of celebrity memorabilia, particularly autographed photos. A number of these pictures appeared in Warhols later artwork. Warhol graduated from high school and then went to the Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) in 1945, graduating in 1949 with a major in pictorial design. Blotted-Line Technique During college, Warhol developed the blotted-line technique, which involved taping two pieces of blank paper together at an edge and then drawing in ink on one page. Before the ink dried, he pressed the two pieces of paper together. The resulting image was a picture with irregular lines that he could fill in with watercolor. Warhol moved to New York right after college and worked there for a decade as a commercial illustrator. He quickly earned a reputation in the 1950s for using his blotted-line technique in commercial advertisements. Some of Warhols most famous ads were for shoes for I. Miller, but he also drew Christmas cards for Tiffany Co., created book and album covers, and illustrated Amy Vanderbilts Complete Book of Etiquette. Pop Art Around 1960, Warhol decided to make a name for himself in pop art, a new style of art that had begun in England in the mid-1950s and consisted of realistic renditions of popular, everyday items. Warhol had turned away from the blotted-line technique and had decided to use paint and canvas, but he was having trouble deciding what to paint. Warhol began with Coke bottles and comic strips, but his work wasnt getting the attention he wanted. In December 1961, a friend gave Warhol an idea: he should paint what he liked most in the world, perhaps something such as money or a can of soup. Warhol painted both. Warhols first exhibition in an art gallery came in 1962 at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles. He displayed his canvases of Campbells soup, one for each of the 32 types of soup made by the company. He sold all the paintings as a set for $1,000. Before long, Warhols work was known all over the world and he was in the vanguard of the new pop art movement. Silk-Screening Unfortunately for Warhol, he found that he couldnt make his paintings fast enough on canvas. In July 1962, he discovered the process of silk screening, which uses a specially prepared section of silk as a stencil, allowing one silk-screen image to create similar patterns multiple times. He immediately began making paintings of political and Hollywood celebrities, most notably a large collection of paintings of Marilyn Monroe. Warhol would use this style for the rest of his life. Mass production not only spread his art; it became his art form. Movies In the 1960s as Warhol continued to paint, he also made films, which were known for creative eroticism, lack of plots, and extreme length- up to 25 hours. From 1963 to 1968, he made nearly 60 movies. One of his movies, Sleep, is a five-and-a-half-hour film of a nude man sleeping. â€Å"We were shooting so many, we never even bothered to give titles to a lot of them,† Warhol later recalled. On July 3, 1968, disgruntled actress Valerie Solanas, one of the hangers-on at Warhols studio known as The Factory, shot him in the chest. Less than 30 minutes later, Warhol was pronounced clinically dead. The doctor then cut Warhols chest open and massaged his heart for a final effort to get it started again. It worked. Though his life was saved, it took a long time for him to recover. Warhol continued to paint during the 1970s and 1980s. He also began publishing a magazine called Interview and several books about himself and pop art. He even dabbled in television, producing two shows- Andy Warhol’s TV  and  Andy Warhol’s Fifteen Minutes,- for MTV and appearing on  The Love Boat  and  Saturday Night Live. Death On Feb. 21, 1987, Warhol underwent routine gallbladder surgery. Though the operation went well, Warhol unexpectedly passed away the following morning from complications. He was 58. Legacy Warhol’s work is featured in an enormous collection at the  Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, which the website describes as one of the most comprehensive single-artist museums in the world and the largest in North America. It includes paintings, drawings, commercial illustrations, sculptures, prints, photographs, wallpapers, sketchbooks, and books covering Warhol’s career, from his student work to pop art paintings and collaborations. In his will, the artist directed that his entire estate be used to create a foundation for the advancement of the visual arts. The  Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts was established in 1987. Sources Andy Warhol: American Artist. Encyclopedia Britannica.Andy Warhols Life. Warhol.org.ï » ¿

Should You Go to a College With Greek Life Pros and Cons

Should You Go to a College With Greek Life Pros and Cons SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Most people have ideas about Greek life that are based on pop culture stereotypes of fraternities and sororities. However, Greek life isn’t supposed to be about wild parties, â€Å"bro culture,† and superficial judgments (although those things can come into play). Fraternities and sororities are often great communities where you’ll make lifelong friends. In this article, I’ll give you an overview of what Greek life is, its pluses and minuses, and whether you should go to a school with fraternities and sororities. What Is Greek Life? A Brief History Greek life got its namebecause fraternities and sororities are named with Greek letters.This tradition began with the formation of the first Greek-letter student society, Phi Beta Kappa Society, at the College of William and Mary in 1776.The society was more of an academic group that fostered literary debates than anything else, but it was an early model for later organizations. The first fraternity in the modern sense, Kappa Alpha Society at Union College, was founded in 1825.Kappa Alpha tried to emulate Phi Beta Kappa while also focusing on the development of friendships amongits members.After this time, more fraternities began to emerge on various college campuses.Some would become national organizations with chapters at different colleges. Sororities started up in the 1850s as more and more women began to attend college and challenge the male-dominated academic and social scene.To date, there are 123 fraternities and sororities in the US and Canada with 750,000 undergraduate members in 12,000 chapters on over 800 college campuses. Some campuses have a marginal Greek scene, with students involved in these organizations being in the extreme minority, while others have a very dominant Greek population. This leads to varying levels of Greek influence on campus culture as a whole.At Washington and Lee University, about 80 percent of undergraduates are involved in Greek life. Since Washington and Lee only has around 2,300 students total, this makes for an extremely strong impact on the social scene. At the University of Georgia, about 23 percent of students are involved in Greek life within a population of over 27,000 undergraduates. Especially at such a large school, the Greek minority may hold less sway over the dynamics of campus culture. Washington and Lee University: It's almost all Greek to me Why Is Greek Life Popular? What’s It All About? The missions of fraternities and sororities vary from chapter to chapter, but some characteristics are relatively consistent.Fraternities and sororities look to develop strong bonds between their members and encourage personal growth and development.These organizations often have special traditions that bring members together and promote loyalty, friendship, community service, intellectual achievements, and leadership. Traditions usually include weekly meetings, retreats, and participation in service-related events. Many fraternities and sororities have specific organizations or causes that they partner with for community service initiatives.My sorority at Dartmouth had a partnership with an organization called WISE, which works in the local area to help victims of domestic abuse.Most Greek organizations are serious about academics as well.GPA requirements for membership are common, and many sororities and fraternities take great pride in the academic accomplishments of their members. To join a fraternity or sorority, you will most likely have to go through the â€Å"rush† process, which is a recruitment period where you get to know the members and mutually decide whether your personality is a good match for the character of the group.Usually, fraternities and sororities have their own houses where they host meetings and parties, and many members live in the houses. Your membership in a Greek organization will extend past your time as an undergraduate.You'll be a sister or brother for life once you join! In the next couple of sections, I’ll go over some pros and cons of joining a fraternity or sororityto give you a better idea of what it’s like. One of us. One of us. Academic and Financial Pros and Cons of Greek Life These pros and cons are factors that relate to the explicit policies and structure of sororities and fraternitiesand how they might affect your academic and professional success as well as your college experience overall. Pros Access to Connections With the Alumni Network This is one of the main reasons that many people join sororities and fraternities.Once you join, you will be able to communicate with a large alumni network (especially if you end up being in a national organization) that is usually very enthusiastic about helping fellow members.This can be awesome for your career prospects after college. Great Leadership Opportunities If you join a Greek organization, you might end up becoming a part of the governing body of the sorority or fraternity.Most of these organizations elect presidents, vice presidents, treasurers, social chairpeople, and other representatives.It can be a nice way to get leadership experience in a friendly context. This experience will carry over into the professional world after college. If you were the president of your Greek organization, it's a strong indication that you will perform well in a leadership role at your job. Employers may see it as a sign pointing to your potential within the company and be more likely to hire you. Your potential employers will imagine you as a featureless shape wearing a tie, and they will imagine all the other candidates as featureless shapes that didn't even bother to dress up. Livingin a House Instead of a Dorm Another great thing about being in a sorority or fraternity is that you’ll probably have the opportunity to live in the house as an upperclassman.This can be a really fun experience, especially if you’re close with the other people living in the house.You can hang out or study with people in a more relaxed, comfortable environment than a dorm or the library.You can also get support from friends easily at any time. Cons Damage to Your Academic Record (and Mental Health) If You Become Too Invested At many fraternities and sororities, you’re considered a â€Å"pledge† when your first join, and you’ll have to go through initiation to become a full member.I knew people who joined fraternities at Dartmouth and took fewer classes during their â€Å"pledge term† so that they could handle all the things they had to do for the fraternity. This included lots of beer-fueled meetings and special events that left them tired and hungover. During pledge term, some new members areâ€Å"hazed† or put through degrading rituals as rites of passage, which is a very problematic aspect of fraternity culture (and sorority culture, but less so). I definitely heard about people in fraternities having to eat gross things (or the same thing in the dining hall day after day, which almost seems more sadistic) or chug alcohol until they puked. These rituals are technically optional, but the pressure to do them to earn your place in the group is often very strong. Members will often take pride in the fact that they survived pledge term without quitting.If you end up spending too much time partying or trying to show that you’re the most dedicated pledge, you may lose sight of your academic and personal goals. I'm not saying pledgingwill involve fire-eating, but I'm also not saying it won't. Monetary Costs Members of Greek organizations usually have to pay dues, which go towards the maintenance of the house and funding for social events.An extra financial strain is the last thing that most students are looking for in college.This is part of what contributes to the stereotype of the privileged frat boy or sorority girl. Fees and other costs associated with membership can sometimes reach over $10,000 a year. I want to stress that this isn't the case in everyfraternity andsorority, and it absolutely wasn't my experience.There were people in my sorority who didn’t pay dues because they simply couldn’t afford it, and that was fine. Most of the members paid around $75 a term for social dues and less than $200 a term for house dues (less than $1,000 per year). Because we were a local sorority, we had a lot more control over how much we charged people for dues. National sororities have less flexibility in their policies and may not have the ability to be as lenient in granting financial aid. You can also take your chances and hope that a cashnado tears through your sleepy college town, ripping the roofs off houses and replacing them with solid gold. Social Pros and Cons of Greek Life These pros and cons deal with characteristics of fraternities and sororitiesthat will affect your social life and interactions in college. Pros Meeting Lots of Cool New People and Gaining Upperclassman Mentors When you join a fraternity or sorority, you’ll meet a big group of people who you might not have interacted with otherwise.It can introduce you to all kinds of varying perspectives and lead to amazing friendships.You will also most likely be assigned an upperclassman mentor in your sorority or fraternity, called a Big Sister or Big Brother.This person will introduce you to the organization and be a helpful resource for navigating college in general. Invitationsto Tons of Fun Events and Parties If you’re in a fraternity or sorority, you’ll get lots of invitations to parties and events with other Greek organizations and internally.There will probably be an event going on almost every night of the week, so you’ll have the opportunity to socialize or hang out whenever you want. My sorority had weekly wine and cheese and movie nights, themed meetings, and get-togethers with other fraternities and sororities on the weekends.Sororities and fraternities also have formals, which are fancy parties at the end of the semester where everyone dresses up nicely.It’s kind of like prom but less ridiculously overhyped, less expensive, and more fun. This was pretty much what wine and cheese night was like at my sorority except instead of fancy bread we had Wheat Thins and instead of utensils we had no utensils. ABuilt-In Support System for the Rest of College (and Your Life!) This is one of the best things about being in a fraternity or sorority.You’re surrounded by a group of people who you can always ask for help or encouragement if you need it.Even if you are confused about college policy or need to ask a question about how to declare a major or sign up for a certain class (or whether a certain professor is good or not), you can easily get great advice from people who have been there.When you’re in one of these organizations, you’ll never feel totally alone or isolated.Someone will always be willing to hang out with you and watch a movie or just grab a meal between marathon study sessions to cheer you up. If you have to chop a bunch of onions, metaphorically speaking (or even literally speaking), you'll get lots of support. Cons Rush Is Superficial (and You Could End Up in the Wrong Place) Superficiality is a major criticism of the recruitment process, especially in sororities.Different colleges do rush differently, but commonly it’s a process that happens over a short period of time where you briefly visit each house and have mini-conversations with the members.This doesn’t give anyone a great chance to get to know you, and if you’re not good with small talk, it can be a nightmare. Judgments based on appearances and initial impressions tend to happen.This often leads to disappointment if you’re rejected by a house where you feel you belong or unhappiness if you join a sorority or fraternity that ultimately isn't a good fit on a deeper level. Many Greek organizations hold events before formal rush to give you the opportunity to get to know the members better, but if you’re shy the whole thing is a difficult process. (I say this from personal experience.) Accurate representation of how awkward I felt during rush... Divisiveness and Stereotypes Run Rampant Most sororities or fraternities have certain reputations, and this can cloud judgments about where you should join and what members are like.People will sometimes make assumptions about a student based on which fraternity or sorority he or she is in that are totally inaccurate. This can lead to fears about what people will think about you if you join X sorority or fraternity, which might mean that you end up somewhere you don’t belong to avoid being judged.Some sororities and fraternities have mentalities about only associating with certain other Greek organizations or keeping themselves insular from the general population of the school. These types of boundariesmay stunt your social life even while you are participating in lots of events within the Greek system. Other Problematic Aspects of Greek Culture I mentioned hazing above, which is an issue that affects members internally.There are also problems with the climate the Greek system can create on campus. Particularly with strong fraternity systems, power dynamics are often skewed in favor of the brothers who host parties at their houses.This can lead to situations where other students are victimized and objectified. When Greek life has a strong hold on the social scene, some people get a little wrapped up in their egos about being in a certain house and holding the keys to the best parties (and alcohol).They might try and show off to their friends in the fraternity (or sorority, although it happens less often) by bragging about how much they can drink or how much they’ve slept around.This culture can sometimes turn otherwise decent but insecure people into jerks. Bunch of Drunken, Obnoxious Frat Boys by Clinton Steeds, used under CC 2.0Unfortunately, there is some truth to the stereotypes. Should You Go to a College with Greek Life? Many colleges have fraternities and sororities, and their existence will not necessarily make or break your experience there.Even at campuses with a strong Greek system, other social outlets exist, and there are still students who decide to remain unaffiliated.However, your personality may make you more or less comfortable in a campus environment with Greek life. You Should Consider Going to a College With Greek Life If: You like being around people most of the time, and you need to talk things out with others before you make decisions. You enjoyed being a part of a close-knit group with shared interests in high school, such as a sports team, and you’re looking for a way to find the same type of camaraderie in college. Socializing is an important part of college to you; you know you’re there to learn, but meeting new people is also very high on your priority list. Colleges With Greek Life Might Not Be a Good Fit for You If: You are extremely academically oriented, and the college party culture doesn’t appeal to you. You are a very independent person, and you like to have a lot of alone time to do your own thing. You prefer to have just a couple close friends and are a little overwhelmed by meeting lots of new people. Then again, the characteristics on the second list could describe me, and I ended up joining a (very nerdy) sorority, so don’t discount Greek life completely even if it doesn’t seem like it would appeal to you. You should also check what percentage of students actually join Greek organizations at the schools that interest you. Then you can determine whether you need to factor this into your decision. If only a very small minority of undergraduates go Greek, then you might not have to interact with the system at all. If the majority of students go Greek, then you'll probably be more exposed to Greek life (especially if it's a relatively small school). Remember that every college is different, and so is each sorority andfraternity! Greek life has its overall pluses and minuses, but if you end up joining a house that you really click with, it can be an awesome experience. What's Next? Worried about the costs of sorority and fraternity dues and college in general? Read our practical guide on how to save money for college. For more tips on figuring out the right college for your needs, take a look at my guide to choosing a college and my step-by-step breakdown of the college research process. One of the most major differences you'll see between colleges is the size of their undergraduate enrollments. Find out whether a big or small college is the right choice for you.

Titian - Venus and Adonis Painting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Titian - Venus and Adonis Painting - Essay Example The essay "Titian - Venus and Adonis Painting" discovers the Titian - Venus and Adonis Painting. Before delving into the dynamics of gender roles the prose will examine the various technique and elements that the artist incorporated in the painting. Titian’s Venus and Adonis is an oil painting that represents the Greek myth of the goddess Venus and her young lover Adonis. It shows young Adonis reluctantly leaving the beautiful goddess to go hunting with his dogs, as Venus tries to dissuade him. Being a deity Venus has foreseen the demise of Adonis after getting attacked by a wild boar. Titian has used the painting to narrate the myth by using the right combination of colors and shades in order to add substance, grace and charm to the painting. The artist has taken heavy inspiration from western technique of painting and incorporated a strong classical mythology theme to it that further enhanced the quality of the painting making it seem very realistic and alive. The posture he has given to the main characters in his painting is very graceful and uses aristocratic colors and hues to show flexibility in the piece of art and symbolize the divine presence and involvement in the scenario. According to the myth, Adonis a mortal man eventually dies on his hunt after being attacked by a wild boar as predicted by Venus. The painting shows only the back of Venus and her arms wrapped around Adonis’s body. The background of the painting shows, Adonis’s dogs who ready to go hunting with him.

The Creation of Identity through Retail Design and Technology Dissertation

The Creation of Identity through Retail Design and Technology - Dissertation Example When looking at retail shop designs and technology, it can be seen that there is a specific focus on influencing the brand in a positive or negative manner. When the designs and technology are incorporated into the brand to show a sense of identity and the correct qualities, then it makes a difference in how consumers respond to the main trends. More important, there is the ability to create more relationships between the brand, consumer and overall identity of specific components that are a part of the retail store. The purpose of this research study will be to define how the retail design affects brand and how it creates specific associations with those that are interested in a specific product. The first definition provided will be based on creating an understanding of design and how it reflects brand as well as identity. There will then be an analysis which is based on the online and technological aspects of design and a store, such as the framework used for design and the way in which the layout of a website store should reflect the physical presence. This will be followed by creating a unique identity through the use of retail designs, specifically by using colors, layouts and other aspects to show what the store offers.

The Happiest Days of Your Life Essay Example for Free

The Happiest Days of Your Life Essay Normally you would think, that parents would have the best interest and intensions for their children. And parents, who are very ambitious on behalf of their children, are often a good prerequisite for the kids to get really far in a prestigious world. But at the same time any parent must also be careful, that the excessive pressure of expectations and so early defined objectives do not take away the play of childhood and at a later stage the child’s wish to formulate own goals of life. If your parent’s devote to invest themselves, their time and savings to pursue the ambition they carry on behalf of their child – which more often than not are projections of own lost ambitions – it is a very big burden for any child to carry. A 3rd person limited omniscient narrator tells Penelope Lively’s short story, from Charles point of view. But the narrator is partly an omniscient narrator, because we are very familiar with Charles emotions. Normally would a non-omniscient objective 3rd person narrator never know that Charles feels like the floor under him is shaking and the walls beside him is moving (p. 65 l. 7-9). Most of the story takes place on Preparatory School St. Edwards, and of course back and forth in the car. We are not told, when the story exactly is taking place. So it could have happened yesterday or many years ago. The environment in the story seems to be the upper class of society, which is clearly seen in this quote from the text; â€Å"She worked over the headmaster’s wife from shoes to hairstyle, pricing and assessing. Shoes old but expensive Russel and Bromley.Good skirt. Blouse could be Marks and Sparks not sure. Real pearls. Super Victorian ring.† (p. 63 l. 9-13). A normal middle-class woman could not name a price and a brand on what a random woman is wearing from head to toe. It shows us, that she properly belongs to the upper class herself. The lack of communication between Charles and his parents contribute to his parent’s lack of knowledge to know how Charles feels. And the lacks of knowledge result in they don’t recognize or understand that Charles actually doesn’t want to go to the school. But the problem is Charles parents are so busy trying to achieve all these things for their son, which they might not have had the opportunity to get, when they were at his age. There is nothing wrong with being ambitious for your children, but while the parents are very busy being just that, the consequences are that Charles disappears more and more in the background. They hear only what they would like to hear they close their eyes to reality. Charlie is around 6-13 years, since he is attending Preparatory School in the UK. You can feel that he’s really nervous. You certainly feel it when he sits in the car. He won’t eat the chocolate or read his comics. He is completely silent throughout visiting the school and just keeps on following the adult around the school halls, without saying a single word. I find the strongest signal on how Charles feels about starting at the school, when an echo of a boys voice saying he will mash him next term, running through his head. Another proof or signal that he’s hesitant is, when you see that he doesn’t respond or take actions when his mother asks; Would you like to go there, Charles? . Charles does not Anwar His face is haggard with anticipation, ` Next year, well mash you .. (p. 65 l 23-28). This excerpt from the text shows that although Charles is afraid of having to go to this school, then he’s to reluctant to say it. And yet another example on how Charles feelings is known; â€Å"A bell goes somewhere beyond doors and down corridors, and suddenly the children are all gone, clattering away and leaving him there with the heaving floor and the walls that shift and swing.† (p. 65 l. 7-9) He feels like the fear is getting out of hand. He does not thrive. He shuts everything out, but inside he is about to burst. His physical condition is there, but his mental state is not there. His mental state flees to a dreamlike state. And the dream-like state creates a kind of protection for him. Because he knows he can’t say it to anyone and certainly not to his parents. For no one is listening and if you are pressed enough, then these sorts of situations and circumstances will arise. The story reflects the difficulties of growing up. I don’t think the parents are even near to chose the right school for Charles. If it was the right school, then he wouldn’t be feeling as he does. You never know how the situation will turn out – he might get some good friends or he might go through hell and being bullied by the other boys all the time. That’s at least what he thinks; â€Å"The child does not answer. He looks straight ahead of him, at the road coiling beneath the bonnet of the car. His face is haggard with anticipation.  ´Next term, we’ll mash you†¦Ã‚ ´Ã¢â‚¬ . (p. 65 l 23-28). I think the title of the story is meant in an ironic way. I believe that the reason it’s called â€Å"The happiest days of your life† and not â€Å"The happiest days of my life† is because you always hear it from the parent’s perspective. They think the school is amazing and Charles is going to be so happy to go there. They never let Charles decide for himself. And I think the title of the story is based on the way his parents treats him.

Creative Story: If At First You Dont Succeed :: essays research papers

Creative Story: If At First You Don't Succeed "Eureka!" Sam excitedly exclaimed. "I've done it! I'm set for life and my happiness is assured. With this new invention I'll be honored for my brilliance, and I might even win the nobel prize!" he chirped ecstatically. Sam was a chicken, the great great great grandson of the Not-So-Great Chixken Little, who, in case the reader is ignorant, was the chick who thought the sky was falling and got everyone eaten by a crafty old fox [SIC]. Sam was a well built chicken, quite muscular in fact, and extremely inventive, but, unfortunately, he had no brains when it came to reality. His motto was: " If at first you don't succeed, try, try again," and he would never give up even if there was no way he could win. To this very day he still has an annual football game against a childhood friend, Bono, who is a prize winning, full grown bull. (In case the reader hasn't discovered it, after every game, Sam has a visit to the hospital where he is an infamous character, continually joked about by the nurses and doctors who work there.) *** "You may see Mr. Monty now, sir," the secretary informed Sam. He nervously eyed the door in front of him. The big, bold lettering stated: MR. JP MONTY EXECUTIVE PRESIDENT Doubts about his ability to make a good impression entered his mind, but Sam immediatly gathered himself together, glanced back at the sheep secretary, and entered the room. THe stately pig sat behind a magnificently carved oak desk in the most luxurious office Sam had ever seen. A plush oriental rug covered the floor from wall to wall, and paintings, pictures, and diplomas adorned the brightly colored walls. Extremely expensive ornaments were conspicuously displayed, spreading a DO-Not-Touch atmosphere around the room. But the room was nothing compared to the pig lounged in the sleek, black, leather chair. He was not fat, he was immense, he had one of those stomachs that literally hung over his waistband. His four chins wiggled like Jell-O as he turned his chubby head to face Sam. "Yeees," Mr. JP Monty stated suggestively. " Sir, this is your lucky day! I am the esteemed architect of the greatest invention of all time, and I have picked you, to invest in it. This will certainly earn you enormous profits ince the public gets ahold of my wonderful creation. What do you say sir? Are you with me or not? I know that if you decide to endorse my idea, then you will be greatly rewarded in the future,

Cell Energetics Study Guide

Cellular Energetics Study Guide 1. Overall Metabolism a. Oxidation – a molecule LOSSES hydrogen, energy is RELEASED b. Reduction – a molecule GAINS hydrogen, energy is GAINED and stored (the more reduced a molecule is, the more energy is stored in its COVALENT BONDS) *** Always occur in a coupled pair (RED-OX)*** c. Electron Carriers i. Oxidizing Agents: are REDUCED to OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ – oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis, oxidizes pyruvate to CO2 in the Kreb’s cycle (gets reduced to NADH) 2.NADP+- oxidizes H2O to O2 during the Light Dependent Reactions of photosynthesis, final electron acceptor from chlorophyll (PSI) (gets reduced to NADPH) 3. FAD+- oxidizes NADH to NAD during glycolysis and transported to the mitochondrion (gets reduced to FADHs) ii. Reducing Agents: are OXIDIZED to REDUCE another molecule 4. NADH- reduces 2 pyruvate to 2 lactic acid in fermentation, reduces O2 during the respiratory chain (gets oxidized to NAD) *CANNOT pass through the mitochondrion* 5.NADPH- reduces CO2 to form carbohydrates (Calvin Cycle) in the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis (gets oxidized to NADP) 6. FADH2- reduces O2 during the respiratory chain (gets oxidized to FAD) *CAN pass through the mitochondrion* 2. Phosphorylation: Formation of ATP (ADP + P ATP) d. Substrate-level: direct enzymatic transfer of a phosphate to ADP * Only occurs during glycolysis when O2 is not needed to function * Only a small amount of ATP is produced this way e.Electron Transfer /Chemiosmosis: the movement of protons (H+) down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase that can HARNESS THE ENERGY OF THAT GRADIENT (proton-motive force) to bond ADP and phosphate to create ATP through oxidative phosphorylation * Occurs during the Light Dependent Reaction * 90% of ATP is produced this way 3. Photosynthesis f. Balanced Net Reaction: light 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 g. Light Dependent Reaction – occurs on the thylakoid lumen iii. Photol ysis – oxidation of H2O to release electrons used to return PSII to ground state iv.NADP Reduction – NADP receives an electron from PSI as it passes through electron transfer chains, reducing it to NADPH+. Electrons are passed from excited atoms that gain energy from a photon. v. ATP Synthesis – ATP is produced by chemiosmotic phosphorylation. Proton gradient (within the thylakoid interior) is made as electrons from photosystems are passed through proton pumps. h. Light Independent Reaction – occurs in the stroma vi. CO2 fixation: RuBP + CO2 2 PGA (a form that can be easily reduced).The reaction is catalyzed by RUBISCO. 7. In the presence of oxygen, RuBP + O2 Bad Sugar; process is called photorespiration. Plants overcome this by keeping a HIGH concentration of CO2. Land plants must compromise opening the stroma to maintain high CO2 concentration with loss of H2O. There are 2 additional adaptations that evolved: a. C-4 Pathway – formation of Oxaloac etate (C-4) from CO2 + PEP (C-3). Occurs in outer cells (mesophyll). Calvin cycle occurs in inner cells only (closer to supply of CO2, bundle sheath). b.CAM Pathway – like C-4, but fixation only occurs at night, when water loss is minimal. Found in desert plants, like cacti. vii. Calvin Cycle 8. PGA is reduced to PGAL using the products of the light dependent reaction, NADPH (oxidized) and ATP (provides energy) 9. One-sixth of the PGAL produced is used to create glucose for the cell to grow and repair. 10. Five-sixths of the PGAL is used to produce RuBP, completing the cycle (energy requiring). 4. Cellular Respiration i. Balanced Net Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O j.Glycolysis – occurs in the cytoplasm. All organisms carry out this process. viii. Glucose is double phosphorylated by 2 ATP and broken up into two three carbon phosphorylated molecules called PGAL ix. Each PGAL is phosphorylated by a free phosphate and ADP to form Biphosphoglycerate (BPG) while NAD is reduced to NADH. x. Each BPG aides in Substrate Level Phosphorylation of two ADP’s to form 2 ATP’s. Water is released. The remaining 3 carbon molecule is pyruvate. k. Fermentation – when pyruvate is used to oxidize NADH to replenish NAD+.Only produces 2 ATP per glucose through glycolysis. Some organisms (anaerobic) do it exclusively. Occurs regularly in all cells, but products can build up when NAD supplied through reduction of pyruvate is not available. 2 Forms: xi. Alcoholic – produces ethanol and CO2 from reduction of pyruvate. xii. Lactic acid – produces lactic acid from the reduction of pyruvate. l. Kreb’s Cycle – NAD required to begin. Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria or in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes. xiii. Pyruvate is oxidized to Acetyl CoA, Reduced by _______, Releases 1 NADH. iv. Acetyl CoA is added to Oxaloacetate to form Citrate. xv. Citrate is broken down releasing 2 H2O and is oxidized 4x: by NAD+ thrice an d once by FAD+. One Substrate Level phosphorylation occurs producing ATP. Oxaloacetate is the product and continues the cycle by being added to the next available acetyl CoA. m. Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation – takes place on the cristae (inner mitochondrial) membrane. xvi. NADH and FADH2, products of Glycolysis and Krebs are oxidized by Q (molecule embedded in the membrane).Electrons are passed to cytochrome and protons are pumped into the proton pumps. xvii. The protons diffuse back through ATP synthase in a process called chemiosmosis. The energy harnessed allows an oxidative phosphorylation of ATP. (3 for each NADH, 2 for each FADH2) xviii. Free protons in the matrix and the electrons accepted by E. T. C are passed to O2, which is reduced to water. Stomata Allows gas exchange; since a lot of water can be lost, plants only open stomata for photosynthesis in daylight; at night they close to reduce loss of water. **CAM plants keep their stomates closed duri ng day and open at night*** Mesophyll C-3 Plants: Calvin Cycle during day C-4 Plants: CO2 combines with 3 carbon molecule PEP to form C-4 acid CAM Plants: stores CO2 in organic compounds that are synthesized at night Bundle sheath C-4 Plants: Calvin Cycle during day CAM Plants: Calvin Cycle during day Thylakoid lumen Light dependent reactions Stroma Calvin Cycle/Light independent reactions Inner membrane E. T. C. Cytoplasm Glycolysis & Fermentaion Matrix Kreb’s Cycle Diagrams (know following structures and what takes place there)

Twitter Case Analysis

To the average technologically advanced American, Twitter is one of the most visited social media sites. From a popularity contest standpoint, Twitter would be amongst the top winners; however, when evaluating Twitter from a business analytical aspect it might not be a lucrative business venture. The attractive attribute to Twitter Inc. is the fact the sites does not make any of its users pay. Twitter is designed to allow users to voice multiple thoughts, ideas, or share different information amongst the site’s visitor.Unlike Facebook, Twitters does not have multi-million dollar corporations using the site on a regular basis to market more potential users. Therefore, with a low revenue base and poor strategic development implementation plan it’s going to be hard for Twitter Inc. to grow into a lucrative corporate investment. From a consultant standpoint, many business analyses would characterize Twitter Inc. as a â€Å"dog†. A dog is considered to be a manâ€℠¢s best friend, however form a business outlook it could be the indication that a business is in their final stages of existence.When a product is evaluated as being a dog most business experts would describe the company as have a low or staggered growth rate and yielding no profits. Twitter has documented that it does not have enough money many times to meet the site’s operation cost. Many experts believe that Twitter needs to expand the company in order to see some financial gain. The only problem with expanding the company is most investors need some form of a positive indicator that they are going to get their money back along with interest. From an explicit view, why should money be invested in Twitter? Read also Twitter Case StudyNearly every expert has come to the same conclusion that a social media site is a risky investment. Primarily, this investment is risky because consumer taste change, and social media sites has a previous trend of not being in existence more than five to seven years. Twitter consumer base is narrow, and the differentiation of the market sector would just add the list of difficulties the company is currently trying to solve. Twitter has been segmented since the creation of the company; they tend to have a consumer base in the age group of 13 to 35 years of age. The age group of 13 to 35 tend to spend the most money, owever this consumer base taste tend to be very inconsistent. Twitter is experiencing a maturity phase. In the maturity phase, there is little growth and the profit margin has reached its highest peak. If present circumstances are any forecast of the future, Twitter Inc. is in the early portion of the declining stage. In the declining stage ther e is no growth and the company spread sheet starts to show the company in operating in the red or negative. My recommendation for Twitter is quite simple. Twitter Inc. needs to restructure their company and marketing scheme.They need to market the site for corporations to think it is worth the investment to advertise. Twitter need to find sponsors to give financial support to a new site design, better advertisement, and also creating partnerships. Twitter Inc. needs to reposition itself to look more like a corporate media site and not a site for teens to release trash gossip. In the segmentation of the market, Twitter should segment the market for mature users and teens. In the segmentation they may have one side that focus on corporate sponsors and the other side should focus on alternative financial support.Additionally, it would be interesting to experiment with the merging of Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. All of these social media sites would cover the different segmentation of the market, which would give them the advantages of reaching from the youngest to oldest of users. These social media sites would allow users to upload thoughts, ideas, statements, and pictures to a single site. From a financial standpoint, there would be a large revenue base because of advertisement and sponsors trying to penetrate this lucrative market.Contrastingly, the only set back is the division of power and how would the profits be allocated in the new company corporate structure. Twitter has the fundamental basis of being an enjoyable, yet profitable company to own. However, Twitter needs to start making decisions that promotes growth and look to attract corporations to advertise on their site. Its time for Twitter to move on the matrix from a â€Å"dog† to a â€Å"cash cow†, and they will find there balance sheets doing more than breaking even. The segmentation and differentiation of markets will also help them find various area of potential success.

Ethics of Nursing Essay Sample

Ethics of Nursing Essay Sample Ethical Dilemma in Nursing Essay Nursing is a profession that is concentrated on the ability of a person to improve their skill in applying their roles and responsibilities to provide care for the patient. This means that the nurse is always available to ensure that proper care has been applied to the patient using the ideal standards of nursing principles. As a nurse, you are responsible for the prognosis of the patient to track their health condition while seeking treatment to the hospital. This is an important consideration because every patient has the right to receive a proper medical attention and treatment to any health care institution. As a patient, they also have the right to live a longer life, which is why they seek medical treatment and rehabilitation to prolong their longevity. Nursing is one of the most challenging professions in our society because practitioners need to follow the proper standards of care in either the hospital or community setting. This is because ethics play an important role in the professional practice of ever nurse in our community. Nurses often commit negligence, which is the most common offense applied in the hospital or in the community setting while providing treatment to patients. An example of this is a wrong medication, wrong patient, wrong route, and accidents during a treatment procedure due to lack of assessment. When nurse commits errors such as negligence, patients usually suffer another form of injury aside from their present condition of medical illness. As a result, the life of the patient is challenged because they have been compromised by the nurse that should have been the right person to provide treatment to relieve signs and symptoms of the disease or disability. In nursing ethics, veracity is often applied because all patients should be treated with fairness while addressing their health concerns. There are nurses who failed to abide by the rules by failing to practice diversity towards the patients. Nurses are sometimes denying access to health care to patients because of their sexual orientation and race. Professional malpractice is also committed by nurses when they practice certain procedures towards the patient in order to improve their skill while compromising the health of the patients. As a result, the patient suffers from complications, especially when an accident happens during a procedure such as inserting a nasogastric tube. Patients trust all nurses when they are going to seek medical treatment at the hospital or during a community mission to provide health care services to a certain number of populations. Patients usually file for criminal complaints against the nurse whenever they feel that they were neglected. This is especially for patients who sustained injuries when they sought medical treatment at the hospital. As a result, the license of nurses has been revoked because they were proven guilty after the hospital conducted a thorough investigation into the matter. Hospital institutions who were involved in an ethical malpractice when their health care workers were responsible for causing damage or injuries to the patients, the license to operate can be compromised. The worst-case scenario for nursing ethics is when the patient died from injuries because nurses were unable to provide the rightful care while they were on duty. Former nurses who have their licenses revoked have to find a way to continue their productivity by searching for new jobs that are not associated with their former nursing practice (Gastmans, 2013). Reference Gastmans, C. (2013). Dignity-enhancing nursing care: A foundational ethical framework.  Nursing Ethics.  SAGE Publications.  20  (2): 142–149.

Marion Mahony Griffin, On the Wright Team

Marion Mahony Griffin, On the Wright Team Marion Mahony Griffin (born Marion Lucy Mahony February 14, 1871 in Chicago) was one of the first women to graduate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), the first employee of Frank Lloyd Wright, the first woman to be licensed as an architect in Illinois, and some say the collaborative strength behind many successes attributed solely to her husband, Walter Burley Griffin. Mahony Griffin, a pioneer in a male-dominated profession, stood behind the men in her life, often foregoing attention to her own brilliant designs. After graduating from Bostons MIT in 1894, Mahony (pronounced MAH-nee) returned to Chicago to work with her cousin, another MIT alumnus, Dwight Perkins (1867–1941). The 1890s was an exciting time to be in Chicago, as it was being rebuilt after the Great Fire of 1871. A new building method for tall buildings was the grand experiment of the Chicago School, and the theory and practice of architectures relationship to American society was being debated. Mahony and Perkins were commissioned to design an 11-story venue for the Steinway company to sell pianos, but the upper floors became offices to social visionaries and many young architects, including Frank Lloyd Wright. Steinway Hall (1896-1970) became well-known as the place to go for discussions in design, building practices, and American social value. It was where relationships were forged and connections established. In 1895, Marion Mahony joined the Chicago studio of a young Frank Lloyd Wright  (1867-1959), where she worked for nearly 15 years. She formed a relationship with another employee named  Walter Burley Griffin, five years younger than she, and in 1911 they married to form a partnership that lasted until his death in 1937. In addition to her home and furnishing designs, Mahony is widely praised for her architectural renderings. Inspired by the style of Japanese woodblock prints, Mahony created fluid and romantic ink and watercolor drawings decorated with flowing vines. Some architectural historians say that Marion Mahonys drawings were responsible for establishing the reputations of both Frank Lloyd Wright and Walter Burley Griffin. Her Wright renderings were published in Germany in 1910 and are said to have influenced the great modern architects Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier. Mahonys lush drawings on 20-foot panels are credited for winning Walter Burley Griffin the prized commission to design the new capital city in Australia. Working in Australia and later in India, Marion Mahony and Walter Burley Griffin built hundreds of Prairie-style houses and spread the style to distant parts of the world. Their unique Knitlock houses became a model for Frank Lloyd Wright when he designed his textile block houses in California. Like many other women who design buildings, Marion Mahony became lost in the shadow of her male associates. Today, her contributions to Frank Lloyd Wrights career and also to the career of her husband are being reexamined and reevaluated. Selected Independent Projects: 1902: All Souls Church in Evanston, Illinois1949: Magic of America, by Marion Mahony Griffin, and unpublished memoir with 1,400 typed pages and nearly 700 illustrations. Reproduced online by the Art Institute of Chicago. Mahonys Projects With Frank Lloyd Wright: While she worked for Frank Lloyd Wright, Marion Mahony designed furnishings, light fixtures, murals, mosaics, and leaded glass for many of his houses. After Wright left his first wife, Kitty, and moved to Europe in 1909, Mahony completed many of Wrights unfinished houses, in some cases serving as lead designer. Her credits include the 1909 David Amberg Residence, Grand Rapids, Michigan, and the 1910 Adolph Mueller House in Decatur, Illinois. Mahonys Projects With Walter Burley Griffin: Marion Mahony met her husband, Walter Burley Griffin, when they both worked for Frank Lloyd Wright. Along with Wright, Griffin was a pioneer in the Prairie School of architecture. Mahony and Griffin worked together on the design of many Prairie Style houses, including the Cooley House, Monroe, Louisiana and the 1911 Niles Club Company in Niles, Michigan. Mahony Griffin drew 20-foot long watercolor perspectives for the prize-winning Town Plan for Canberra, Australia designed by her husband. In 1914, Marion and Walter moved to Australia to oversee the construction of the new capital city. Marion Mahony managed their Sydney office for over 20 years, training draftsmen and handling commissions, including these: 1924: Capitol Theatre, Melbourne, Australia1926: Ellen Mower Home, Castlecrag, New South Wales, Australia1926: Creswick Home, Castlecrag, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia1927: S.R. Salter Residence (Knitlock construction), Toorak, Victoria, Australia1927: Vaughan Griffin Home, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia The couple later practiced in India where she supervised the design of hundreds of Prairie Style houses along with university buildings and other public architecture. In 1937, Walter Burley Griffin died suddenly in an Indian hospital after gall bladder surgery, leaving his wife to complete their commissions in India and Australia. Mrs. Griffin was well-into her 60s when she returned to Chicago in 1939. She died on August 10, 1961 and is buried in Graceland Cemetery in Chicago. Her husbands remains are in Lucknow, northern India. Learn More: Beyond Architecture: Marion Mahony and Walter Burley Griffin - America, Australia, India by Anne Watson, University of Illinois Press, 1999Marion Mahony Griffin - Drawing the Form of Nature, Debora Wood, ed., Block Museum, 2005Making Magic: The Marion Mahony Griffin Story by Glenda KorporaalMarion Mahony Reconsidered by David Van Zanten, University Of Chicago Press, 2011100 Women Architects in the Studio of Frank Lloyd Wright: A Girl is a Fellow Here, DVD, 2009 Sources: Press photo from the 2013 exhibition The Dream of a Century: the Griffins in Australias Capital, National Library of Australia, Exhibition Gallery; Rediscovering a Heroine of Chicago Architecture by Fred A. Bernstein, The New York Times, January 20, 2008; Marion Mahony Griffin by Anna Rubbo and Walter Burley Griffin by Adrienne Kabos and India by Professor Geoffrey Sherington on the website of the   Walter Burley Griffin Society Inc. [accessed December 11, 2016]

Acheiving Global Competitive Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Acheiving Global Competitive Advantage - Essay Example The organization employs more than 320,808 people in 160 countries (Toyota Motor Corporation, Annual Report, 2009). TMC is a multinational company. It is a very popular auto company. It designs environment-friendly and superior technology cars. The company was established in the year 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. However, the company gained global eminence in the year 1952. The company started advancing in leaps and bounds. North American was the first country to import the cars of Toyota (Source: Toyota Motor Corporation, Annual Report, 2008). TMC and Toyota Motor Sales joined forces in the year 1982 to augment the international presence of the company. There are 522 subsidiaries of the company. In 2008 the company had achieved the status of â€Å"The biggest automobile-manufacturer†, but the financial crisis of 2007 saw the fall in revenue generation of TMC. Its current global standing is number three. The company is based in Toyota City, Aichi in Japan (Toyota, Overview, 2011). The company took over General Motors in 2008. The company is proficient in designing and manufacturing an array of products. The main line of production ranges from luxury and sports vehicles. It also manufactures buses, minivans, trucks, and SUVs. These vehicles are manufactured using either hybrid or combustion engines (like Prius). The subsidiaries of Toyota (like Daihatsu Motor) are also proficient in auto manufacturing. Hino Motors (another subsidiary) manufactures buses and trucks. TMC also produces automotive parts. These are used in the vehicles made by TMC, as well as sold to other automobile manufacturers. The most popular Toyota models are Tundra Truck, Lexus Line, Land Cruiser, Corolla, and Camry. Toyota vehicles are very popular in Asia, which contributes to 40 percent of its sales (Toyota, Products and Services, 2011). TMC has expertise in not only car-manufacturing but also many other fields like e-Toyota business, afforestation,