The effect of temperature on the permeability of beetroot cells Essay Example

The impact of temperature on the penetrability of beetroot cells Essay Albeit an evident pattern is shown by the trial information plotted, I am hesitant to define a substantial end on the impact of temperature on the penetrability of beetroot cells because of the changeability of the outcomes obtained. Although five rehashes were played out, the information gathered isn't dependable on account of variety inside the arrangements of results. This could have been because of different restrictions of the test. At 30oC for instance, the perusing for absorbance of light in self-assertive units, was 0.12%. When contrasted with the outcomes gathered from different rehashes at this temperature, this seems, by all accounts, to be an abnormally high worth. Further instances of conceivable atypical information were 0.03% at a warmth treatment of 40oC along with 0.06% at 50oC. On the off chance that these bizarre outcomes were excluded from the mean absorbance plotted, this could have significantly affected the general end. For instance, had the perusing at 40oC not been remembered for the mean, the perusing plotted at this temperature of warmth treatment might not have been lower than the mean outcome plotted at 30oC, as is appeared on the diagram by a slight plunge. We will compose a custom exposition test on The impact of temperature on the porousness of beetroot cells explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on The impact of temperature on the porousness of beetroot cells explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The impact of temperature on the penetrability of beetroot cells explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The size of the range bars makes one inquiry the dependability of the test information. These are particularly enormous at higher temperatures of warmth treatment (for example 70oC) where the inclination is steepening. At the lower temperatures of 30oC and 40oC, the range bars are covering. This implies one can't be certain whether absorbance of light by the arrangement at 40oC does without a doubt decline when contrasted with the past perusing. The range bars can be believed to cover for the rest of the temperatures of warmth treatment, which implies that it is difficult to state inside the mistake of the mechanical assembly, what the specific worth is. I am hesitant to make a substantial determination from the test information because of the altogether huge rate run at every temperature of warmth treatment. At 60oC for instance, the rate scope of the information from each rehash is roughly 300%. The confinements of the trial lead one to scrutinize the accuracy of the exploratory information and the ends drawn from them. A motorized shaper was utilized to deliver bits of beetroot with a similar cross sectional region. It was verified that we cut downwards so the bores didn't merge. Anyway the beetroot tests were not the entirety of a similar length. This could bring about the beetroot plates having diverse surface zones thus causing various volumes of anthocyanin to spill out into the encompassing medium at each rehash of each temperature. This wellspring of mistake would have added to the variety and lack of quality of the outcomes and could be evaded through a specialized improvement in the trial plan. At the point when the circles were pierced on to a mounted needle, a little volume of color spilled out from the harmed cells. This couldn't be estimated and could have been potential color lost into the medium, accordingly influencing most of readings for the absorbance of light. To conquer this wellspring of lack of quality, the beetroot circles could have experienced warmth treatment in a completely penetrable bag. The dependability of the outcomes can be addressed in light of the fact that no precise technique for shaking the arrangements before they were filled cuvettes was utilized. The subsequent forces of the arrangements could in this way have been wrong. To maintain a strategic distance from this wellspring of incorrectness a mechanical strategy could be utilized to shake the arrangements. The sizes of the contraption utilized impacted the outcomes acquired. For both 70oC and 80oC a perusing of 2.00% was recorded. This was not the genuine absorbance of light by the arrangements at these temperatures on the grounds that the sizes of the colorimeters didn't surpass 2.00. Subsequently the mean worth plotted was off base, along these lines any ends drawn from the information are questionable. The trial ought to thusly be rethought utilizing either less plates, diminishing the timespans the examples of beetroot were left in water for or on the other hand leaving the circles in expanded volumes of water for 20 minutes. The size of the colorimeter was just precise to 0.01%. This may have influenced the outcomes at 30oC and 40oC, where there was a 0.01 contrast. To beat this wellspring of imprecision and consequently lack of quality the size of the colorimeter utilized could be modified to give a perusing right to three decimal spot. In spite of the fact that it isn't sure in the case of utilizing various colorimeters would have had any effect on the readings got, to guarantee accuracy of the trial information, a similar colorimeter ought to be utilized to gauge the absorbance of light by the arrangements. Albeit a graduated pipette with 0.1cm3 markings was utilized to gauge 6cm3 of cold faucet water, to guarantee high accuracy of the exploratory information, mechanical assembly with better divisions could be utilized. This would permit a legitimate end to be drawn from progressively exact results. In request to improve the accuracy of the exploratory information, an advanced stop clock could be utilized. The utilization of a manual stop clock implied that there were slight varieties in the hatching and amazed timings, and even slight varieties in timing would present a high rate territory. A one-minute deferral in expelling the plates from the test tube following warmth treatment for instance would bring about a mistake of 5%. Further upgrades that would give impressive extra proof to the end is examine an expanded number of temperatures including a more extensive territory somewhere in the range of 50oC and 60oC, as an expanded number of stretches would show precisely where the phospholipid bilayer of beetroot softens.

Chapter 14 Solutions Free Essays

Answers for Review Problems of Chapter 14 1. a. Given the accompanying outline for an item, decide the amount of every segment required to collect one unit of the completed item. We will compose a custom paper test on Section 14 Solutions or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now b. Draw a tree chart for the stapler: a. F: 2 J: 2 x 2 = 4 D: 2 x 4 = 8 G: 1 L: 1 x 2 = 2 J: 1 x 2 = 2 H: 1 A: 1 x 4 = 4 D: 1 x 2 = 2 Totals: F = 2; G = 1; H = 1; J = 6; D = 10; L = 2; A = 4 b. Stapler Top Assembly Base Assembly Cover Spring Slide Assembly Base Strike Pad Rubber Pad 2 Slide Spring 2. The accompanying table records the parts expected to amass an end thing, lead times, and amounts available. . b. In the event that 20 units of the end thing are to be amassed, what number of extra units of E are required? (Indication: You don’t need to build up a MRP plan to decide this. ) A request for the end thing is planned to be delivered toward the beginning of week 11. What is the most recent week that the request can be begun and still be prepared to send on schedule? (Clue: You don’t need to build up a MRP plan for this part either. ) a. B: 20 x 2 = 40 †10 = 30 E: 30 x 2 = 60 †12 = 48 C: 20 x 1 = 20 †10 = 10 E: 10 x 2 = 20 End Item D: 20 x 3 = 60 â⠂¬ 25 = 35 E: 35 x 2 = 70 Absolute: 48 + 20 + 70 = 138 b. B(2) C D(3) E(2) F(3) G(2) E(2) H(4) E(2) Total LT 4 5 6 The longest grouping is a month and a half. Week 11 †a month and a half = Week 5. 5 3. End thing P is made out of three subassemblies: K, L, and W. K is amassed utilizing 3 Gs and 4 Hs; L is made of 2 Ms and 2 Ns; and W is made of 3 Zs. Close by inventories are 20 Ls, 40 Gs, and 200 Hs. Booked receipts are 10 Ks toward the beginning of week 3, 30 Ks toward the beginning of week 6, and 200 Ws toward the beginning of week 3. One hundred Ps will be transported toward the beginning of week 6, and another 100 toward the beginning of week 7. Lead times are fourteen days for subassemblies and multi week for segments G, H, and M. Last get together of P requires multi week. Incorporate an additional 10 percent scrap stipend in each arranged request of G. The base request size for H is 200 units. Build up every one of the accompanying: a. b. c. d. An item structure tree. A gathering time diagram. An ace calendar for P. A material prerequisites plan for K, G, and H utilizing part for-parcel requesting. Arrangement: a. Item Structure Tree P K 3G c. Ace Schedule d. Weeks Quantity LT = 1 wk. Ask. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 6 100 6 100 7 100 7 100 L 4H 2 2N W 3Z P Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges K LT = 2 wk. Ask. Inv. 1 2 3 4 100 5 100 10 90 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 270 40 230 253 231 210 231 70 4 210 5 100 6 100 30 70 100 7 Gross necessities Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net prerequisites Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges G(3) LT = 1 wk. 6 7 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges H(4) LT = 1 wk. Ask. Inv. 1 2 3 360 4 280 40 240 5 6 7 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges 200 160 200 240 4. God help us! , Inc. , sells three models of radar finder units. It purchases the three essential models (E, F, and G) from a Japanese maker and includes one, two, or four lights (part D) to additionally separate the models. D is purchased from a residential maker. Lead times are multi week for all things aside from C, which is fourteen days. There are sufficient supplies of the fundamental units (E, F, and G) available. There are likewise 10 units of B, 10 units of C, and 25 units of D close by. Part measuring rules are parcel for-parcel requesting for all things aside from D, which must be requested in products of 100 units. There is a planned receipt of 100 units of D in week 1. The ace timetable calls for 40 units of A to be delivered in week 4, 60 units of B in week 5, and 30 units of C in week 6. Set up a material necessities plan for D and its folks. Arrangement: Master Schedule Week Quantity Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 40A 5 60B 6 30C A LT = 1 wk. Ask. Inv. 1 2 3 4 40 5 6 Net prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned request receipt Planned request discharge Beg. Inv. 40 B LT = 1 wk. 1 2 3 4 5 60 6 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned request receipt Planned request discharge Beg. Inv. 50 10 50 C LT = 2 wks. 1 2 3 4 5 6 30 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected available Net necessities Planned request receipt Planned request discharge D LT = 1 wk. Ask. Inv. 1 2 3 40 100 25 125 85 95 100 5 20 4 180 5 10 20 6 Net prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned request receipt Planned request discharge 5. Utilizing the outline beneath, do the accompanying: a. Draw a tree outline for the scissors. b. Set up a MRP for scissors. Lead times are one day for every segment and last scissor gathering, however two days for the plastic holds. 600 sets of scissors are required on Day 6. Note: There are 200 straight edges and 350 bowed cutting edges close by, and 40 top sharp edge congregations available. Arrangement:. a. Scissors Bottom Blade Assembly Screw Top Blade Assembly Straight Blade b. Ace Schedule for: Straight Plastic Grip Bent Blade Bent Plastic Grip Week Quantity Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 6 600 7 8 Week Scissors (LT = multi week) Gross necessities Scheduled receipts available Net prerequisites Planned request receipts Planned request discharges 600 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 6 600 7 8 Week Bottom Blade Assembly (LT = multi week) Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts close by Net necessities Planned request receipts Planned request discharges 600 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 600 6 7 8 Week Top Blade Assembly (LT = multi week) Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts available Net necessities Planned request receipts Planned request discharges Beg. Inv. 560 Week Screw (LT = multi week) Gross necessities Scheduled receipts available Net prerequisites Planned request receipts Planned request discharges Week Straight Blade (LT = multi week) Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts close by Net prerequisites Planned request receipts 200 400 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 600 5 6 7 8 600 1 2 3 4 5 6 600 7 8 40 560 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 5 600 6 7 8 Planned request discharges 400 Week Straight Plastic Grip (LT = fourteen days) Gross necessities Scheduled receipts close by Net prerequisites Planned request receipts Planned request discharges Beg. Inv. 00 Week Bent Blade (LT = multi week) Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts available Net necessities Planned request receipts Planned request discharges Bent Plastic Grip (LT = fourteen days) Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts close by Net prerequisites Planned request receipts Planned request discharges 560 Beg. Inv. 210 Week 1 2 3 4 560 5 6 7 8 350 210 1 2 3 4 560 5 6 7 8 600 Beg. Inv. 1 2 3 4 600 5 6 7 8 6. Build up a material prerequisites plan for part H. Lead times for the end thing and every part with the exception of B are multi week. The lead time for B is three weeks. Sixty units of An are required toward the beginning of week 8. There are at present 15 units of B close by and 130 of E available, and 50 units of H are underway and will be finished by the beginning of week 2. Arrangement: Master Schedule Week Quantity Beginnin g stock 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 60 8 A LT = 1 Gross necessities Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net prerequisites Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges Beginnin g stock 1 2 3 4 5 6 60 7 60 B(2) LT = 3 8 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected available Net prerequisites Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges 105 15 120 15 105 C LT = 1 Beginnin g stock 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges 60 E(2) E(4) LT = 1 Beginnin g stock 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected available Net prerequisites Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges 80 130 210 240 130 80 240 H(E3) H(E3) LT = 1 Beginnin g stock 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gross prerequisites Scheduled receipts Projected close by Net necessities Planned-request receipts Planned-request discharges 190 50 240 720 50 190 240 720 Step by step instructions to refer to Chapter 14 Solutions, Papers

Differences Between Classical vs. Operant Conditioning

Differences Between Classical vs. Operant Conditioning Theories Behavioral Psychology Print Classical vs. Operant Conditioning 2 Important Concepts Central to Behavioral Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 12, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 14, 2019 More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview How Classical Conditioning Works How Operant Conditioning Works The Differences Between Classical and Operant Conditioning View All Back To Top Classical and operant conditioning are two important concepts central to behavioral psychology. While both result in learning, the processes are quite different. To understand how each of these behavior modification techniques can be used, it is also essential to understand how classical conditioning and operant conditioning differ from one another. Verywell / Joshua Seong Overview Lets start by looking at some of the most basic differences. Classical Conditioning First described by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist Focuses on involuntary, automatic behaviors Involves placing a neutral signal before a reflex Operant Conditioning First described by B. F. Skinner, an American psychologist Involves applying reinforcement or punishment after a behavior Focuses on strengthening or weakening voluntary behaviors How Classical Conditioning Works Even if you are not a psychology student, you have probably at least heard about  Pavlovs dogs. In his famous experiment,  Ivan Pavlov  noticed dogs began to salivate in response to a tone after the sound had repeatedly been paired with presenting food. Pavlov quickly realized that this was a learned response and set out to further investigate the conditioning process. Classical conditioning is a process that involves creating an association between a naturally existing stimulus and a previously neutral one. Sounds confusing, but lets break it down: The classical conditioning process involves pairing a previously neutral stimulus (such as the sound of a bell) with an unconditioned stimulus (the taste of food). This unconditioned stimulus naturally and automatically triggers salivating as a response to the food, which is known as the unconditioned response. After associating the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, the sound of the bell alone will start to evoke salivating as a response. The sound of the bell is now known as the conditioned stimulus and salivating in response to the bell is known as the conditioned response. Imagine a dog that salivates when it sees food. The animal does this automatically. He does not need to be trained to perform this behavior; it simply occurs naturally. The food is the naturally occurring stimulus. If you started to ring a bell every time you presented the dog with food, an association would be formed between the food and the bell. Eventually the bell alone, a.k.a. the conditioned stimulus, would come to evoke the salivation response. Classical conditioning is much more than just a basic term used to describe a method of learning; it can also explain how many behaviors form that can impact your health. Consider how a bad habit might form. Even though you have been working out and eating healthy, nighttime overeating keeps tripping up your dieting efforts. Thanks to classical conditioning, you might have developed the habit of heading to the kitchen for a snack every time a commercial comes on while you are watching your favorite television program. While commercial breaks were once a neutral stimulus, repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus (having a delicious snack) has turned the commercials into a conditioned stimulus. Now every time you see a commercial, you crave a sweet treat. Classical Conditioning: In Depth How Operant Conditioning Works Operant conditioning (or instrumental conditioning) focuses on using either reinforcement or punishment to increase or decrease a behavior. Through this process, an association is formed between the behavior and the consequences for that behavior.?? Imagine that a trainer is trying to teach a dog to fetch a ball. When the dog successfully chases and picks up the ball, the dog receives praise as a reward. When the animal fails to retrieve the ball, the trainer withholds the praise. Eventually, the dog forms an association between his behavior of fetching the ball and receiving the desired reward. For example, imagine that a schoolteacher punishes a student for talking out of turn by not letting the student go outside for recess. As a result, the student forms an association between the behavior (talking out of turn) and the consequence (not being able to go outside for recess). As a result, the problematic behavior decreases. A number of factors can influence how quickly a response is learned and the strength of the response. How often the response is reinforced, known as a schedule of reinforcement, can play an important role in how quickly the behavior is learned?? and how strong the response becomes. The type of reinforcer used can also have an impact on the response. For example, while a variable-ratio schedule will result in a high and steady rate of response,?? a variable-interval schedule will lead to a slow and steady response rate. In addition to being used to train people and animals to engage in new behaviors, operant conditioning can also be used to help people eliminate unwanted ones. Using a system of rewards and punishments, people can learn to overcome bad habits that might have a negative impact on their health such as smoking or overeating.?? Operant Conditioning: In Depth The Differences Between Classical and Operant Conditioning One of the simplest ways to remember the differences between classical and operant conditioning is to focus on whether the behavior is involuntary or voluntary. Classical conditioning involves associating an involuntary response and a stimulus, while operant conditioning is about associating a voluntary behavior and a consequence In operant conditioning, the learner is also rewarded with incentives,?? while classical conditioning involves no such enticements. Also, remember that classical conditioning is passive on the part of the learner, while operant conditioning requires the learner to actively participate and perform some type of action in order to be rewarded or punished. For operant conditioning to work, the subject must first display a behavior that can then be either rewarded or punished. Classical conditioning, on the other hand, involves forming an association with some sort of already naturally occurring event.??   Today, both classical and operant conditioning are utilized for a variety of purposes by teachers, parents, psychologists, animal trainers, and many others. In animal conditioning, a trainer might utilize classical conditioning by repeatedly pairing the sound of a clicker with the taste of food. Eventually, the sound of the clicker alone will begin to produce the same response that the taste of food would. In a classroom setting, a teacher might utilize operant conditioning by offering tokens as rewards for good behavior.?? Students can then turn in these tokens to receive some type of reward such as a  treat or extra play time. In each of these instances, the goal of conditioning is to produce some sort of change in behavior. A Word From Verywell Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are both important learning concepts that originated in behavioral psychology. While these two types of conditioning share some similarities, it is important to understand some of the key differences in order to best determine which approach is best for certain learning situations.

The Pros and Cons of an Unwritten Constitution in the UK...

The Advantages and Disadvantages of an Unwritten Constitution in the UK The UK has an unwritten constitution unlike the U.S.A. Instead Britains laws, policies and codes are developed through statutes, common law, convention and more recently E.U law. It is misleading to call the British constitution unwritten; a more precise form of classification would be un-codified. This means that the British constitution has no single document, which states principles and rules of a state. However, The British constitution clearly sets out how political power is allocated and where it is legally located. The British constitution is still visible and it defines composition and powers of the main offices and†¦show more content†¦An example of this is the in-corporation of E.U laws into UK laws. Since parliament passed the European communities Act in 1972 Britain has accepted the superiority of European law. The House of Lords has judged certain English laws to be unlawful in light of EU legislation. Another advantage of an unwritten or un codified constitution is that it is evolutionary because it develops with historical changes. An example of this is when parliament in the UK took total sovereignty away from the monarchy in 1867. Changes to the British constitution reflect a changing balance of power. The constitution is important even though it is not written form because it formed the basis of the separation of power that we now have, for example between the Lords and the Commons. This also shows the flexibility of the constitution. An advantage of the UK constitution is that it takes into account of changing views. For example, in 1997 the changing of the hereditary peer system and also further reforms to change the structure of parliament. It is good that the British constitution will always takes into account these changes. However, there are disadvantages to an un-written constitution. A written constitution is considered the highest form of law and is respected because of this. There is no such principle in the British constitution because sovereignty lies with Parliament.Show MoreRelatedThe Constitution And Human Rights1171 Words   |  5 Pagesinspiring the US Constitution, Bill Of Rights (1791) and Human Rights (1948) declaration by United Nations. A constitution can be defined as a set of rules which regulate the government system within the state. It establishes the institutions and bodies of the system which provides the powers, duties and functions to be exercised and also interaction among each other. It also establishes the relationship between the government and the individual. The main classifications of constitution are based onRead MoreEnglish Law : A Non -codified Uk Constitution1398 Words   |  6 PagesMagna Carta was the important document which influenced the English Law to adopt a non –codified UK constitution. It was signed between the King John and the feudal barons at Runnymede, England in June 1215.The purpose was to end the King John‘s unfair use of his powers to made people of England suffered. It had a written clauses stating that King John would govern England and treat the people by following the customs of feudal law. It is significant as it set the foundation of the freedom of citizens’Read MoreWritten and Unwritten Law4416 Words   |  18 Pages| Written and Unwritten Constitution | 3-4 | Comparison of the Supremacy of Malaysia and United Kingdom | 5-7 | Characteristic of both Parliamentary Supremacy and Constitutional Supremacy and the drawback | 7-8 | Conclusion | 10 | Bibliography | 11 | INTRODUCTION As Malaysia is a federation of thirteen states, it has altogether fourteen constitutions the Federal Constitution and thirteen State Constitutions. Johor was the first state to have a written constitution, granted in 1895Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesindeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theoryRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesâ€Å"A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies on the Effects o f Disability on Human Resource Judgments,† Human Resource Management Review 18, no. 3 (2008), pp. 191–203. S. Almond and A. Healey, â€Å"Mental Health and Absence from Work: New Evidence from the UK Quarterly Labour Force Survey,† Work, Employment, and Society 17, no. 4 (2003), pp.  731–742. E. Louvet, â€Å"Social Judgment Toward Job Applicants with Disabilities: Perception of Personal Qualities and Competences,† Rehabilitation Psychology 52, no. 3

Meeting Needs for Self-Actualization - 1566 Words

Meeting Needs for Self-Actualization Everyone has certain needs that must be met in order to live a happy and fulfilling life. These needs are divided into three specific types which are physical, psychological, and social needs. Abraham Maslow, an expert in human behavior, along with Carl Rogers used these three general types to develop a larger hierarchy of human needs for self-actualization. Even though there is discontentment or unending needs of a person, one s needs must be satisfied in order for him or her to be happy. People whose needs were met are particularly in good mental health but if a need fails to be met then pathological effects may ensue. Self-actualization is a state that a person reaches in which he or she is†¦show more content†¦In using Maslow s theory of self actualization and definition of religious experience types (confirming, responsive, ecstatic, and revelational), found no differences between type of religious experience and self actualization. The concern itself is only with the incidence and centrality of a person s self defined spiritual experience. It is hypothesized that the more people get older the more he or she finds his or her spiritual experience to be a central part of his or her life, the higher they will score on the self-actualization measure. In Maslow’s or in Roger’s philosophy, one can use the hierarchy of needs in a workplace such as in the field of health but will still depend on how the person or the resident will receive it. Most of the elderly patients have reached self-actualization that they are at peace on where they are. They seemed to be resigned to their fate for they know that they are in a state of transition in their life. As a nursing assistant in San Leandro Healthcare Center, one can use this theory in giving care to residents, especially on that state. For the resident’s physical need, a nursing assistant would be able to satisfy it by giving the resident balanced amount of food and water and being sure he or she receives enough sleep. As for the safety needs, the nursing assistant secures the facility, assures safety on staff or other residents and residents on physical restraints. To satisfyShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Abraham Maslows Hierarchy Of Needs898 Words   |  4 Pages Abraham Maslow theory on hierarchy of needs view humans as having tremendous potential for personals development. He believed it was human nature for people to seek to know more about themselves and strive to develop their capacities to the fullest. 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Obviously, employment of any kind helps to afford to meet the basic, physiological needs. Alderfer’sRead MoreEssay on Maslows Hierachy and Google908 Words   |  4 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is based on a pyramid of five needs. The only way you can reach the top is by starting at the bottom and fulfilling each need. The list starts with physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and finally self-actualization. Maslow said that most people do not reach self-actualization. Physiological needs are the basics of survival, such as food, oxygen, water, and sleep. Safety needs are not only physical safety needs but also employment, resourcesRead MoreDescription in Detail of the Humanistic Theories by Rogers and Maslow1517 Words   |  7 Pagesperson-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. There is an evaluation on both Rogers and Maslow theories, on how they are based on their own assumptions and views, and I apply Maslow’s theory of self-actualization into my own personal life. 2. Description in detail of the Humanistic theories by Rogers (person-centred) and Maslow (self-actualization) and the evaluation of both theories. 2.1 Rogers (person-centred theory) humanisticRead MoreNursing Administration Theory X, Y and Z978 Words   |  4 Pagessubordinates. Thus, these employees need more supervision and direction or instruction to meet the goals of a company. This theory describes the staffs to be lazy and lack on ambitions in meeting and achieving goals but they only want to acquire benefits without any barriers and responsibilities will be given to them, which greatly affects to the productivity and efficiency in carrying out healthcare needs to the patients, and so there are less productivity in meeting the demands from their clients. Read MoreA Theory Of Human Motivation By Abraham Maslow1157 Words   |  5 Pageshierarchy of needs, generalizing what every human requires for life. He describes these needs as a five-tiered hierarchy system and are what motivates each human in their life and is structured so that an individual cannot reach the next tier unless the lower one(s) have been fulfilled, t hough not necessarily at 100 percent fulfillment. Maslow believed that every person has the desire to reach self-actualization, the fifth tier in his hierarchy, though not everyone can attain self-actualization in theirRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Motivation Based On A Holistic Approach919 Words   |  4 Pagesthe person toward ultimate self-actualization† (p. 102). Maslow did not ignore the spiritual dimension, but mainly focused on the biological nature of man. He believed the entire person, not just part of him is motivated. â€Å"Maslow’s motivational theory is based on the idea that human behavior is controlled through a number of developing fundamental needs that operates in a fixed sequence and needs are defined as a condition of deficit† (Sengupta, 2011, p. 102). Needs are not always caused by shortfallsRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1388 Words   |  6 Pagescertain needs. When one need is fulfilled a person seeks to fulfill the next one, and s o on. The earliest version of Maslow s hierarchy of needs includes five motivational needs, often viewed as hierarchical levels inside a pyramid. The five stage representation can be separated into basic needs and growth needs. The deficiency or basic needs are said to motivate and stimulate individuals when they are unmet and not fully attained. Also, the desire to fulfill and accomplish such wants and needs will

Pay It Forward Free Essays

Pay it Forward Jennifer Trager University of Phoenix PSY/490 Instructor: Vicki Koenig November 25, 2011 Pay it forward is becoming a more popular phrase it seems. When you drive through towns and different communities, one can see signs for soup kitchens, volunteer services, etc. There is something about the idea of giving back to others that is not only for the one receiving, but also beneficial to the one doing the work behind it. We will write a custom essay sample on Pay It Forward or any similar topic only for you Order Now This idea is considered altruism and is driven by a want to contribute to someone else’s life instead of focusing on what one can get from others. There once was a movie called â€Å"Pay it forward† about the whole idea of doing something for someone with the only stipulation being to do something for someone else. Once, Oprah did a show on random acts of kindness and the reactions of those receiving these acts. Currently, it is the holiday season and it might be safe to assume that these acts of kindness might be more in the making. Some of these acts could include carrying someone’s groceries to their car, buying someone a cup of coffee at the local convenience store, or even paying someone’s check at a restaurant. Personally, one of my favorite things to do is pay the toll for multiple cars on one of our major highways. I enjoy this most because I am unable to see their reactions and I hope that they would â€Å"pay it forward† also essay writers online. Although I am not there to see their reactions, there have been moments when people have sped up to wave to me or mouth a thank you, which is nice even though these are not things I look for in doing this. Some might suggest that the idea of altruism can be based on Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model. This idea suggests that there are fundamental drives behind people’s actions. While the first two stages might suggest a more selfish need due to the idea of meeting one’s physical needs such as food, shelter, etc. and the second stage is security and the idea that one’s needs will be met in the future. The third stage is belong or a need for unconditional love and leads to the fourth and fifth stage. The fourth is purpose/esteem which is seen in one’s activities and the fifth is human potential that is suggested as meaning â€Å"self-actualisation† or the development of self, personal creative potential. In an article titled â€Å"Re-Establishing Altruism As a Viable Social Norm† (2011), it is stated that â€Å"people are generally keen to promote well-being of others, and a new generation is working as volunteers far more than their parents ever did†. This might be attributed to the idea that today needs are met with less struggle than in years past or that this â€Å"new generation is discovering the tremendous value of making a real contribution to the lives of others†. Another article in Psychology Today suggests that â€Å"acting with an unselfish regard for others doesn’t always come naturally, even though many psychologists believe we’re hard-wired for empathy†. And the final thought from this same article states that â€Å"most of us realize that when we make an effort to give without expectations of reciprocity, we feel fulfilled and energized†. So if this is the new idea behind our everyday, the world might not be doomed! I often feel that we are becoming more of a society that is all about themselves and what can be gained at anyone’s expense. This small assignment and project has shed some hope on my sometimes cynical attitude. And brings me to a place of realization in that there is always more that can be done on my part alone. References Psychology Today. (2011). Altruism Basics. Retrieved November 23, 2011 from http://www. psychologytoday. com/basics/altruism. Re-Establishing Altruism As A Viable Social Norm. (2011). Retrieved November 21, 2011 from http://www. altruists. org/ideas/psychology. How to cite Pay It Forward, Papers

Silver Chain Group

Question: Write an essay on Silver Chain Group. Answer: Silver Chain Group is a not-for-profit organization that is based out of Australia. It provides community health services to people and has been serving them since over 110 years in Western part of Australia and for over 120 years in the Southern part of the continent. Western Australia, Queensland, New South Wales and South Australia are the locations where the services are expanded over (Silverchain.org.au, 2016). There is a wide range of services that are provided to the organization which are categorized as Health care services, Everyday Wellness, Support for Family and Care, Palliative Care, Household Tasks, Continence Management and Advisory Service, Community Connections, Country Services, Personal Alarms and Assessment Services. Requirement of IT for Silver Chain Group Silver Chain Group is composed of over 3000 staff members, 400 volunteers and provides the community services to more than 87000 people on yearly basis. The records of the clients were paper based and located in their respective homes which made it difficult to access the same. Even if the staff members could make efforts to gather this data, then the storage and management of such huge data emerged as a serious concern for the organization. The productivity and time was also compromised while commuting to the clients home. It was also difficult for the nurses and the staff to communicate with the doctors for general guidance and advice. It was the need of the hour to incorporate IT in the business of the Silver Chain Group in order to increase the efficiency and productivity of the staff members and also to improve the customer experience as a whole (LeMay, 2014). Importance of IT for business survival The following factors define the importance of IT in the survival of business of the Silver Chain Group. Preparation Preparation phase helps in the collection of customer data from several data sources in order to have all the information handy and easily accessible by the clients. Planning Planning also becomes easier with the help of IT as it would enable the personnel to decide the time of visit on the basis of preference of the client, provide target service to the target client and many more. Practice Standardization of all the processes, timely checks of the services and the simplicity of installation are the features that come easy with the application of IT. Progress checks Manual processes are difficult to keep a track of all the activities and the progress made by the organization. The checks are easy to execute and track with the aid of IT in the system Phases involved in the application of IT in Silver Chain Group IT in Silver Chain Group was implemented with the help of an enterprise level health care solution along with a mobile application for the same. The devices that were chosen for the deployment of these devices were chosen to be Samsung Galaxy series as Samsung Galaxy S2, S3, S4, Note and Note II smartphones, and Samsung Galaxy Note 8, 10.1 and Tab 10.1 tablet devices to direct care staff and clients (delimiter, 2016). Planning This is the first phase which involves the decision on the strategy and also the objectives of the business. The success of the project is largely dependent upon the well created and researched project plan. Requirement Analysis This is the phase where all the requirements are gathered from all the viable data sources. The data sources for the Silver Chain Group are from the various stakeholders that are involved with the business. These requirements are then analyzed to decide on what all is to be included in the scope and what is to be left and considered as out of the scope. The requirements must be clear to all those involved in the project to make sure that the successful execution of the same is achieved. Design This is the next phase in the development cycle of the application. High level design diagrams are involved in this phase such as data flow diagrams, flow charts, and functional hierarchies to provide a blue print of the design. There is also a Design Specification Document (DSD) included in this phase which explains the design of the project in a clear and concise manner. It is this document which enables the project members to get a practical idea on what is to be done and how exactly it should be done. Implementation The implementation phase gathers its required information from the earlier three phases and the designs are practically implemented. There are a number of teams involved in this phase such as development team, interface team, network team, database team and many more. The efforts and results of all of these teams are integrated to bring out an implemented solution. The cycle is repeated again and again unless all the target requirements are met and fulfilled as per the specifications. Testing Testing is an activity that is defined as a process carried out to validate and verify the results as per the specifications with intent to find out the bug. Requirement and Planning Phase: This is the phase where the strategy around the testing process is decided with the decision on the test approach along with the scope, milestones, deliverables and many more. Analysis Phase: Requirements are gathered and analyzed in this phase with the assignment of the roles and responsibilities to the various team members. Design Phase: Test data is finalized in this phase along with the decision on the test conditions and environments. Implementation Phase: Test cases are designed in this phase and are categorized in the test scenarios. Execution phase: The test cases are executed in this phase and the defects are also reported, if found any. These defects are also logged in the defect logging software. Completion and closure: Test completion is decided on the basis of the exit criteria and the closure report is designed on the basis of the same. Change requests are also dealt in this phase (Softwaretestinghelp.com, 2016). Deployment and Maintenance: The final code is deployed for the end-users and the maintenance is also done for the issues that occur post-production (Ghahrai, 2015). Use of IT in Silver Chain Group Silver Chain Group is an organization that provides community health services to a huge number of people. IT would allow the direct care staff to spend more time with clients by in a more effective manner. It also makes the clients allow easy communication with the nurses and the staff. Virtual support and video conferencing is also made easy with the help of mobile solution and application which is based upon IT. Medical assistance is made easy as it is possible to send out a notification to the nurses when a device shows a reading which goes outside the acceptance range. Social benefits have also increased with the help of IT as the mobile application allows the aged care clients to connect easily with their distant families and children. It allows them to have easy connections and accessibility to them. Risks involved with IT The solution that has been implemented for Silver Chain Group is based on IT and involves many mobile devices as well. There is also a to and fro of information across the network between the client and the staff members. The information that is associated with the organization is classified as below: Sensitive: It is the information that is extremely critical to the organization and requires a very high degree of protection as well. The health care information associated with the client is very sensitive and cannot be hampered with. Confidential: This is the category of information that holds high importance for an organization and needs to be protected carefully. The information around the stakeholders and the partners involved in the company is confidential in nature. Private: It is the personal information that is associated with the company and includes the details of the employees such as demographic information. Public: The information that is okay to bring out to the public view and knowledge comes under this category. The risks that are involved with the same are as listed below: Virus It is a program or a set of instructions that is malicious in nature which means that it has been designed for providing damage or harm to the system. It gets introduced in the system through storage media or network. Spyware These are the programs that capture the activity of the user on the systems and can be used to provide a substantial amount of damage (Spychecker.com. 2016) Trojan These are the malicious programs that do not have the characteristic to replicate themselves but have the potential to cause some serious damage once they get triggered. Man-in-the-middle It is an attack that takes place when an intruder or the attackers sits on the network and monitors all the activities that happen on the same. The same information is utilized to perform malicious actions. DoS A service is made unavailable for a certain amount of time as it is flooded with unnecessary traffic from malicious sources (Digitalattackmap.com. 2016). Spoofing Private or confidential information of a user is collected by impersonating as somebody else. The user is misled by the false identity with aim to gain this information (Ttu.edu. 2016). Phishing A fake website or e-mail message is used to impersonate somebody elses identity in order to gain sensitive information (Ttu.edu. 2016). Conclusion Silver Chain Group is a non-profit organization that provides community health services to the people of Australia. The organization is made up of a vast network of employees, volunteers and clients. In order to overcome the drawbacks of difficulties in management of data and handling the clients is overcome with the help of introduction of IT in business. An enterprise solution along with the mobile application is implemented for easier assistance, virtual support, medical assistance and video conferencing with the nurses. A phased approach is also followed to implement the solution. There are also risks that emerge with this introduction that can be dealt with the help of access control, encryption, firewalls and anti-virus. References delimiter, (2016). [online] Available at: https://delimiter.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/NBX-Case-Study_Silver-Chain_Mobility.pdf [Accessed 26 May 2016]. LeMay, R. (2014). Android in the enterprise: Three Aussie examples from Samsung | Delimiter. [online] Delimiter. Available at: https://delimiter.com.au/2014/04/14/android-enterprise-three-aussie-examples-samsung/ [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Silverchain.org.au. (2016). Silver Chain Group. [online] Available at: https://www.silverchain.org.au/wa [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Ghahrai, A. (2015). SDLC Phases - Software Development Life Cycle. [online] Testing Excellence. Available at: https://www.testingexcellence.com/software-development-life-cycle-sdlc-phases/ [Accessed 26 May 2016]. NueMD. (2013). The importance of proper IT implementation in healthcare. [online] Available at: https://www.nuemd.com/news/2015/07/20/importance-proper-implementation-healthcare [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Spychecker.com. (2016). What is spyware and adware?. [online] Available at: https://www.spychecker.com/spyware.html [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Ttu.edu. (2016). Scams Spam, Phishing, Spoofing and Pharming | Be in Charge of Your Digital Life | CPI: Lubbock | TTU. [online] Available at: https://www.ttu.edu/cybersecurity/lubbock/digital-life/digital-identity/scams-spam-phishing-spoofing-pharming.php [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Digitalattackmap.com. (2016). Digital Attack Map. [online] Available at: https://www.digitalattackmap.com/understanding-ddos/ [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Softwaretestinghelp.com. (2016). What is Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC)?. [online] Available at: https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-software-testing-life-cycle-stlc/ [Accessed 26 May 2016]. Silver Chain Group Question: Describe about the Silver Chain Group inAustralia. Answer: Executive Summary Silver Chain Group is not for profit organization that provides health services to people and is based out of Australia. The organization is engaged in providing the services for over 100 years now and comprises of a huge database of employees, volunteers and customers. The report revolves around the use and application of IT for Silver Chain Group. It discusses the requirement of IT for the organization along with the importance of the same for the non-stop survival of the business. The implementation of IT for Silver Chain Group is done in a phased approach such that a step by step process is created for better utilization of the resources. There are also certain risks that emerge with the involvement of IT in the services that are provided by the organization and the same have been covered in the report with a brief description of each risk. Introduction Silver Chain Group is a not-for-profit organization that is based out of Australia. It provides community health services to people and has been serving them since over 110 years in Western part of Australia and for over 120 years in the Southern part of the continent. Western Australia, Queensland, New South Wales and South Australia are the locations where the services are expanded over (Silverchain.org.au, 2016). There is a wide range of services that are provided to the organization which are categorized as Health care services, Everyday Wellness, Support for Family and Care, Palliative Care, Household Tasks, Continence Management and Advisory Service, Community Connections, Country Services, Personal Alarms and Assessment Services. Requirement of IT for Silver Chain Group Silver Chain Group is composed of over 3000 staff members, 400 volunteers and provides the community services to more than 87000 people on yearly basis. The records of the clients were paper based and located in their respective homes which made it difficult to access the same. Even if the staff members could make efforts to gather this data, then the storage and management of such huge data emerged as a serious concern for the organization. The productivity and time was also compromised while commuting to the clients home. It was also difficult for the nurses and the staff to communicate with the doctors for general guidance and advice. It was the need of the hour to incorporate IT in the business of the Silver Chain Group in order to increase the efficiency and productivity of the staff members and also to improve the customer experience as a whole (LeMay, 2014). Importance of IT for business survival The following factors define the importance of IT in the survival of business of the Silver Chain Group. Preparation Preparation phase helps in the collection of customer data from several data sources in order to have all the information handy and easily accessible by the clients. Planning Planning also becomes easier with the help of IT as it would enable the personnel to decide the time of visit on the basis of preference of the client, provide target service to the target client and many more. Practice Standardization of all the processes, timely checks of the services and the simplicity of installation are the features that come easy with the application of IT. Progress checks Manual processes are difficult to keep a track of all the activities and the progress made by the organization. The checks are easy to execute and track with the aid of IT in the system Phases involved in the application of IT in Silver Chain Group IT in Silver Chain Group was implemented with the help of an enterprise level health care solution along with a mobile application for the same. The devices that were chosen for the deployment of these devices were chosen to be Samsung Galaxy series as Samsung Galaxy S2, S3, S4, Note and Note II smartphones, and Samsung Galaxy Note 8, 10.1 and Tab 10.1 tablet devices to direct care staff and clients (delimiter, 2016). Planning This is the first phase which involves the decision on the strategy and also the objectives of the business. The success of the project is largely dependent upon the well created and researched project plan. Requirement Analysis This is the phase where all the requirements are gathered from all the viable data sources. The data sources for the Silver Chain Group are from the various stakeholders that are involved with the business. These requirements are then analyzed to decide on what all is to be included in the scope and what is to be left and considered as out of the scope. The requirements must be clear to all those involved in the project to make sure that the successful execution of the same is achieved. Design This is the next phase in the development cycle of the application. High level design diagrams are involved in this phase such as data flow diagrams, flow charts, and functional hierarchies to provide a blue print of the design. There is also a Design Specification Document (DSD) included in this phase which explains the design of the project in a clear and concise manner. It is this document which enables the project members to get a practical idea on what is to be done and how exactly it should be done. Implementation The implementation phase gathers its required information from the earlier three phases and the designs are practically implemented. There are a number of teams involved in this phase such as development team, interface team, network team, database team and many more. The efforts and results of all of these teams are integrated to bring out an implemented solution. The cycle is repeated again and again unless all the target requirements are met and fulfilled as per the specifications. Testing Testing is an activity that is defined as a process carried out to validate and verify the results as per the specifications with intent to find out the bug. Requirement and Planning Phase: This is the phase where the strategy around the testing process is decided with the decision on the test approach along with the scope, milestones, deliverables and many more. Analysis Phase: Requirements are gathered and analyzed in this phase with the assignment of the roles and responsibilities to the various team members. Design Phase: Test data is finalized in this phase along with the decision on the test conditions and environments. Implementation Phase: Test cases are designed in this phase and are categorized in the test scenarios. Execution phase: The test cases are executed in this phase and the defects are also reported, if found any. These defects are also logged in the defect logging software. Completion and closure: Test completion is decided on the basis of the exit criteria and the closure report is designed on the basis of the same. Change requests are also dealt in this phase (Softwaretestinghelp.com, 2016). Deployment and Maintenance: The final code is deployed for the end-users and the maintenance is also done for the issues that occur post-production (Ghahrai, 2015). Use of IT in Silver Chain Group Silver Chain Group is an organization that provides community health services to a huge number of people. IT would allow the direct care staff to spend more time with clients by in a more effective manner. It also makes the clients allow easy communication with the nurses and the staff. Virtual support and video conferencing is also made easy with the help of mobile solution and application which is based upon IT. Medical assistance is made easy as it is possible to send out a notification to the nurses when a device shows a reading which goes outside the acceptance range. Social benefits have also increased with the help of IT as the mobile application allows the aged care clients to connect easily with their distant families and children. It allows them to have easy connections and accessibility to them. Risks involved with IT The solution that has been implemented for Silver Chain Group is based on IT and involves many mobile devices as well. There is also a to and fro of information across the network between the client and the staff members. The information that is associated with the organization is classified as below: Sensitive: It is the information that is extremely critical to the organization and requires a very high degree of protection as well. The health care information associated with the client is very sensitive and cannot be hampered with. Confidential: This is the category of information that holds high importance for an organization and needs to be protected carefully. The information around the stakeholders and the partners involved in the company is confidential in nature. Private: It is the personal information that is associated with the company and includes the details of the employees such as demographic information. Public: The information that is okay to bring out to the public view and knowledge comes under this category. The risks that are involved with the same are as listed below: Virus It is a program or a set of instructions that is malicious in nature which means that it has been designed for providing damage or harm to the system. It gets introduced in the system through storage media or network. Spyware These are the programs that capture the activity of the user on the systems and can be used to provide a substantial amount of damage (Spychecker.com. 2016) Trojan These are the malicious programs that do not have the characteristic to replicate themselves but have the potential to cause some serious damage once they get triggered. Man-in-the-middle It is an attack that takes place when an intruder or the attackers sits on the network and monitors all the activities that happen on the same. The same information is utilized to perform malicious actions. DoS A service is made unavailable for a certain amount of time as it is flooded with unnecessary traffic from malicious sources (Digitalattackmap.com. 2016). Spoofing Private or confidential information of a user is collected by impersonating as somebody else. The user is misled by the false identity with aim to gain this information (Ttu.edu. 2016). Phishing A fake website or e-mail message is used to impersonate somebody elses identity in order to gain sensitive information (Ttu.edu. 2016). Recommendations These risks can be easily dealt with the help of effective countermeasures such as: Access control to be set up at all the entry and exit points such as on the network, user accounts and many more. Encryption techniques for the mobile solution through the use of private and public keys, cryptography and anti-virus along with firewalls. Security of the mobile devices with the use of passwords and PINs. Conclusion Silver Chain Group is a non-profit organization that provides community health services to the people of Australia. The organization is made up of a vast network of employees, volunteers and clients. In order to overcome the drawbacks of difficulties in management of data and handling the clients is overcome with the help of introduction of IT in business. An enterprise solution along with the mobile application is implemented for easier assistance, virtual support, medical assistance and video conferencing with the nurses. A phased approach is also followed to implement the solution. There are also risks that emerge with this introduction that can be dealt with the help of access control, encryption, firewalls and anti-virus. References delimiter, (2016). LeMay, R. (2014). Android in the enterprise: Three Aussie examples from Samsung | Delimiter. [online] Delimiter. Silverchain.org.au. (2016). Silver Chain Group. Ghahrai, A. (2015). SDLC Phases - Software Development Life Cycle. NueMD. (2013). The importance of proper IT implementation in healthcare. Spychecker.com. (2016). What is spyware and adware?. Ttu.edu. (2016). Scams Spam, Phishing, Spoofing and Pharming | Be in Charge of Your Digital Life | CPI: Lubbock | TTU. Digitalattackmap.com. (2016). Digital Attack Map.

Honda The Dependability Car free essay sample

This paper examines the reasons why Honda has been a best-selling car in the U.S. on a constant basis. This paper presents a discussion about the reliability of Honda vehicles. The author argues that Honda is the most dependable car on the market, looking at how the car became a best-seller, consumer satisfaction, affordability, its proven track record, and low maintenance needs. There are many things that make the Honda vehicle the most dependable car on the road. When they first came on the market they were so popular there were waiting lists that could take months to get through and receive a vehicle. Almost three decades later the Honda has held its appeal. One of the reasons the Honda is so popular is the dependability that it offers.

History of the United Nations †Government Essay

History of the United Nations – Government Essay Free Online Research Papers History of the United Nations Government Essay The United Nations has changed substantially its understanding, concept and action towards development since its conception in 1945. Specially since the end of the Cold War a considerable refinement in its approach could be noticed, moving more and more away from a notion of development as mere economic improvement and progressing to a much broader view that has been named Sustainable Human Development, which is centered on the empowerment of the people and good governance, aiming at eradicating world’s poverty. Historical events played a great role in reshaping this conception and among them the speed of the globalization process stands out. The main question of this essay is: â€Å"How has UN’s approach to development changed since the end of the Cold War?†. The intention here is to expose the major modifications that have occurred and the facts and events that have influenced them, as well as to show the importance, weaknesses and limits of the world organization in the international arena in relation to the development realm. Historical context in which the United Nations emerged and the progress in its conception of development until the end of the Cold War The United Nations emerged in the context of the 2nd World War, in 1945, as an attempt â€Å"to avoid the slaughter and misery of more world wars and another Great Depression- as well as the failure of the first generation of universal organization, the League of Nations† (Jolly, 2005, p.2). These were the main purposes that the organization was directed to during the first to the second decade of its existence. But the organization had broader ambitions and its original view was based on the ideas of peace, development and human rights (Jolly, 2005, p.3). In 1944 we had also the creation of the so-called Bretton Woods institutions (the World Bank and the IMF) that were set up to regulate the world economy under the direction of the US with the immediate goal of rebuilding Europe during the post-war years (Allen, 2000, p.204). Through the decades, the action and approach of the world organization towards development changed consistently, being shaped by and shaping historical events occurring during its period of existence. For several years, development was taken only as economic development (Jolly, 2005, p.7). During the 50s and 60s import substitution and state-centered economic liberalism were taken as the best way to achieve economic growth (Allen, 2000, p.292). From the middle of the 60s till the beginning of the 80s there were some historical facts that affected the UN such as the independence of several African former colonies and the reaction of the â€Å"South† in relation to the â€Å"North† with the creation of the â€Å"Group of 77† and the emergence of the â€Å"Dependency Theory† as an attempt to make the developing countries’ priorities be taken into account in international politics (Weiss, 2004, p.231). The development view shifted a little and more stress was given to employment and redistribution with growth. There were some positive reactions to this situation from the UN’s part as it launched in 1964 the First Development Decade, and in the 70s concerns about the environment and about women’s participation were also put into the development agenda. The downside of these years also called the â€Å"debt-led growth† years – was that the developing countries increa sed their external debts substantially (Allen, 2000, p.296). The 80s were called by many authors the â€Å"lost decade† once there was a turn towards neoliberalism, conducted by the Bretton Woods agencies and the US through an agreement named the â€Å"Washington Consensus†. They started promoting â€Å"structural adjustment† in developing countries, which meant conditioning aid provision in exchange of liberalization of the economy, privatization and tax reforms (Cornia, 2004, p.7). During this period those countries were already heavily indebted and the UN had serious problems in taking action because the greater part of international funds started going to the Bretton Woods agencies. Since that decade the UN began its disagreement with the Bretton Woods agencies, once the former emphasized the importance of democracy, good governance and human rights but was backed by inadequate funds (Jolly, 2005, p.5). Structure of the organization and its main activities According to Archer’s classification, the UN is an international intergovernmental organization with a universal approach, once it has membership drawn from basically all sovereign states in the world. Its main activities and therefore its aims can be classified as general and extensive and related both to high and low politics (Archer, 2001, pp.35-63). The three main clusters the organization deals with are: peace and security, human rights and development (Weiss, 2004). The structure of the whole UN is really complex as it is composed by several commissions, committees, boards, specialized agencies and partners. I’ll expose briefly the (acho que seria melhor dizer structure of the organization, ou algo que o valha. Descrever a organizaà §o me parece muito genà ©rico) organization with regard to development matters. The core of the UN system is the General Assembly. Development issues are dealt with mainly in the Assembly’s Second Committee (Economic and Financial). The main UN organ with the responsibility of promoting development is the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and it is composed by 54 member states elected by the Assembly for that purpose. Both Committee and Council depend on the Secretariat to carry on their ideas and decisions for it is the administrative branch of the organization. There are several bodies related to development and under the coordination of the ECOSOC, such as UNDP, UNICEF, UNCTAD, UNFPA, UNHCR, UNHCHR, UNEP and WFP (Weiss, 2004, pp.246-7). The role of the UNDP, created in 1965, should be highlighted once it is centre of the UN’s development work. It provides technical assistance, concentrated mainly in four themes: advocacy, advice, pilot projects and partnership. It acts together with many other local and regional actors (Weiss, 2004, p.249). Main changes occurred since the end of the Cold War: Since the end of the Cold War the UN continued working on the enlargement of its view on development. The 80s legacy was absolutely negative for the developing countries which were indebted and had their sovereignty consequently affected. With the Fall of the Berlin Wall the situation went even worse because of the fast transition process that raised more inequality figures. The UN was not in accordance (acho que nao se usa in accordance neste sentido. Melhor, did not agree) with the speed it was been done (Jolly, 2005, p.35). The Fall also shifted the attention of agencies of development from the South towards the former socialist countries. The following years witnessed a considerable increase in civil wars and interethnic conflicts (Allen, 2000, p.163) It was in the 90’s that the UN launched loudly the idea of Sustainable Human Development (SHD), aiming at â€Å"placing people in the center of development† (Fomerand, 2003, p.77), focused on the idea of empowering people. Already in 1985 UNICEF came up with the idea of â€Å"development with a human face†. By 1990, the UNDP started publishing the annual Human Development Report, which was opposing and setting an alternative to Bretton Woods policy. The Report has been published yearly since then, and its contents broadened the development agenda and concept and showed the achievements in this sense through the years (Jolly, 2005, p.11). One good example of the expanding idea of development can be checked in 1993 HDR, which says â€Å"Human development is development of the people for the people by the people. Development of the people means investing in human capabilities, whether in education or health or skills, so that they can work productively and creatively. Development for the people means ensuring that the economic growth they generate is distributed widely and fairly†¦ [D]evelopment by the people [means] †¦ giving everyone a chance to participate† (UNDP HDR 1993:3, as quoted in Fomerand, 2003, p.78) The HDR brought with it a holistic idea of development, as the concept started to cover all areas of UN action, which is to say peace and security, human rights and sustainable development (Fomerand, 2003, p.78). The ultimate and main objective of the SHD would be to eradicate poverty in the world and the main tool to achieve it would be via â€Å"good governance†, which can be defined as a government that manages well the public sector, is accountable, respect the law and provides information and transparency of its action (Allen, 2000, p.380). This approach also stresses the importance of democratization, decentralized development and access to productive assets to gain equity so as to achieve an inclusive globalization (Fomerand, 2003, p. p.83). During the 90s there were other remarkable happenings that gave a new impulse in this novel approach to development, so as the Rio-92, a huge gathering of countries, governments and national and international organisations that took place in Brazil aiming at discussing matters mainly related to environment under the perspective of sustainable development. The result of the gathering was the â€Å"Agenda 21†, a global action plan focusing on bringing into practice the result of the discussions over the subject (Weiss, 2004, p.268). In 1995, during the Copenhagen Summit for Social Development, the General Assembly launched a Decade for the Eradication of Poverty and mobilized the whole UN system towards this goal (Fomerand, 2003, p.91). All these happenings started to affect the conflicting relation between the UN and Bretton Woods institutions, and UN alternative ideas to adjustment were being increasingly accepted by IMF and the WB. The WB committed itself to the pursuit of poverty reduction in the Copenhagen Summit. The IMF included in its mandate â€Å"structural and social aspects of fiscal policy†. In 1996, the WB and IMF published a list of the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries committing to provide debt relief for a number of poor countries, and these initiatives were incremented with â€Å"poverty reduction strategies† in September 1999 in IMF programs supported by the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (Fomerand, 2003, pp.92-3). All the regular gatherings that took place in the 90s culminated in the 2000 Millennium Summit that produced the Millennium Declaration for sustainable development and adopted a programme of goals – the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) – whose overreaching intent is to reduce the world poverty, setting targets to be accomplished by 2015. The Bretton Woods institutions accepted the MDG and are now â€Å"on board† (Jolly, 2005, p.12;41-2). The eight MDG are: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Achieve universal primary education Promote gender equality and empower women Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Ensure environmental sustainability Develop a global partnership for development (un.org/millenniumgoals/ 23-1-2006) As it can be seen, the idea of development in the UN broadened notably through the decades, being the Millennium Summit the last highest point in this process. What emerged in the last years was a rich development concept reaching at last all UN spheres of action; taking into account not simply economic development but going as far as to approach environmental, human rights, population and gender issues. Twenty-five years or so ago, the remedial policy measures proposed in the name of the Secretary General would had focused on the central role of the state in the macroeconomic management of national economies to achieve employment growth, poverty alleviation, and overall development. At the international level, such reports would have proposed structural and regime changes, such as the establishment of an integrated commodity program, a common fund, and the development of codes of conducts for multinational corporations. Nowadays, the normative work of the United Nations has shifted winning acknowledgment that if development is to be both sustainable and human, what must be done (†¦) entails public corrective interventions in the operation of national and international markets. For the United Nations, capitalism is a necessary safeguard to personal liberty as well as an essential condition for economic efficiency. But laissez-faire policies alone will not suffice to achieve social justice, stability, and inclusion, or to promote rapid and large-scale improvements in living conditions in developing countries. Markets cannot by themselves reduce inequalities, correct their own imperfections, and promote social convergence and integration. (Fomerand, 2003, p.85) Conclusion: According to what was discussed in the main body of the work, it is clear that through the decades there were many advances in the UN approach to development, especially in the last 25 years. Now, the idea of development is far richer than simple economic development, and entails many more â€Å"ingredients† (no vai và ­rgula aqui?) being the peoples and their empowerment the focus of the policies as well as the promotion of good governance, having as the ultimate goal eradication of poverty through the recognition that poverty itself affects people’s realization of their rights to development (Fomerand, 2003, p.90). Although in theory it may sound all too well, it is worth making a few remarks about the omissions of the UN in its last initiatives and the main hindrances to put its policies into effect. The major omissions of the UN lately – especially regarding the MDG – are the lack of attention to important current global issues such as the arms trade, fair trade, lack of attention to the diversity of cultures (Jolly, 2005, p.13; 59) and the raise of economic inequalities in the world (Cornia, 2004, p.3). Besides, there is no sign of strategies to control and make (ser q no à © melhor colocar os sujeitos aqui?) more accountable the Bretton Woods agencies and international corporations (Fomerand, 2003, p.81). There are two prevailing hindrances to be pointed out in the UN’s work on development which are the tension between the UN and Bretton Woods agencies and the conflicting interests between â€Å"North† and â€Å"South† and their prioritization in the global agenda for development. Even though Bretton Woods agencies have broadened their approach to development in the last years, it is still true that they have diverging â€Å"philosophies† and action towards development, as the Bretton Woods keeps on an essentially neoliberal politics while the UN has a more Keynesian approach (Fomerand, 2003, p.93). This becomes even clearer when financial matters are involved. Besides the fact that the Official Development Assistance which is supposed to provide 0.7% of the donor countries GNP has been giving far less than that, a great part of the resources provided go to Bretton Woods’ hands and leave the UN with no power for action. Moreover, what tends to preva il in their policies, as both UN and Bretton Woods stand for the capitalist system, are the interests and priorities of the â€Å"Northern† countries, with lots of attention being given to market-related issues and no interest placed in international structural changes (Weiss, 2004, p.223; Fomerand, 2003, p.97). In an increasingly globalized world, where the interconnectedness of peoples and countries is remarkable, despite of UN’s weaknesses, the world organization plays an essential role in the international arena gaining much of its authority through the power and spread of its ideas worldwide and the interest and even the need of the world potencies to have their decisions legitimated by the international community (Jolly, 2005, p.47; Fomerand, 2003, p.99). With the proliferation of national and international actors involved in the world organization, the importance and influence of UN’s conception of development cannot be ignored. BIBLIOGRAPHY Allen, T., and Thomas, A. Poverty and Development into the 21st Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000 Archer, Clive. International Organisations, 3rd ed., London: Routledge, 2001 Cornia, Giovanni Andrea. â€Å"Inequality, Growth, and Poverty: An Overview of Changes over the Last Two Decades†. In: Cornia, Giovanni Andrea. Inequality, Growth, and Poverty in an Era of Liberalization and Globalization, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. pp.3-25 Fomerand, Jacques. â€Å"The Politics of Norm Setting at the United Nations: The Case of Sustainable Human Development†. In: Dijkzeul, D., and Beigbeder, Y. Rethinking International Organizations, Oxford: Bergham Books, 2003. pp.77-106 Jolly, R., Emmerij, L., and Weiss, T.G., The Power of UN Ideas: Lessons from the First 60 Years, New York: United Nations Intellectual History Project Series, 2005. unhistory.org/UNIdeas.pdf Millennium Development Goals, un.org/millenniumgoals Weiss, T.G., Forsythe, P.D., and Coate, R.A. The United Nations and Changing World Politics, Boulder: Westview Books, 4th ed., 2004 Research Papers on History of the United Nations - Government EssayAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePETSTEL analysis of IndiaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2The Effects of Illegal ImmigrationDefinition of Export QuotasBringing Democracy to AfricaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Argument Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Argument Analysis - Essay Example Botstein however claims that it is not the length of school days that affects the performance of the children rather; it is how the time in school is spent. He presented some statistics to point out his argument. The thesis of the article is that the solution to the improvement of the academic performance of the school children in the US is not the lengthening of the time spent in school but rather, an analysis of how the time in school is spent. Botstein’s article is targeted to every American citizen, particularly to the politicians who are moving for the extension of the number of school days. He also aims to target the parents of the school children to explain to them that it is not the number of school days that really matters. He is addressing the parents to probably put some pressure on the politicians to extensively study their proposal before making it into a law. Botstein is trying to convince his readers to believe his argument through the use of the logical appeal to prove his point. He supports his argument by comparing the number of school days in the other countries that outperforms the US’ school children. Botstein indicated that some countries have longer school days, others have less school days while others have the same school days as in the US but it was not what really mattered. What are essential are the instruction hours that are dedicated in key areas such as mathematics, science, history and literature. He mentioned that American high school students spend only 41 per cent of their time in school studying these subject areas unlike the Japanese and the French (Botstein 1). Botstein used analogy to prove his point. Another issue which Botstein identified as the reason for the poorer performance of the US school children compared with other countries is the issue on who is doing the teaching. To prove his point he presented the results of the 1996 survey of the Education

PHD Proposal Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PHD Proposal - Thesis Example As a result, there is an urgent need to reconsider the effectiveness and consequences of using video modeling with autistic children in Saudi Arabia. Autism is fairly regarded as the global disorder (Al-Salehi & Ghaziuddin, 2009; Al-Salehi, Al-Hifthy & Ghaziuddin, 2009). Unfortunately, little is known about its incidence and prevalence in the Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia. Given that most of the published information about autism and the teaching strategies for autistic children comes from the West, it is probable that this information may not be applicable in other countries. For example, 90% of autism cases in the industrialized world are believed to be caused by the genetic factors; whether genetic factors are responsible for autism in Saudi Arabia is yet to be discovered (Al-Salehi & Ghaziuddin, 2009). Nevertheless, some reports claim the estimated number of children with autism in Saudi Arabia to exceed 42,500 (Al-Salehi & Ghaziuddin, 2009). As a result, almost 43,000 of children in Saudi Arabia are currently in need for the development of effective teaching strategies, to help them learn the basic skills and to meet the predetermined learning and knowledge objectives. The proposed research will seek to evaluate the effectiveness of video modeling in teaching autistic children in Saudi Arabia. The basic research question to answer is whether video modeling is a relevant approach to teaching children with autism in Saudi Arabia. The specific research questions to answer include: That the current state of research provides a wealth of information about video modeling for teaching autistic children cannot be denied. How video modeling works in the learning environments with autistic children has long been the object of the peer scientific research. Rosenberg, Schwartz and Davis (2010) evaluated the effects of using a video modeling technique to teach three autistic preschoolers to wash their

London-based seatwave

London-based seatwave Part I 1. Introduction London-based Seatwave.com was founded in January 2006 by Joe Cohen. He is currently President and CEO whilst Mr. GED Waring is currently VP of Technology and James Hamlin is Director Online Marketing. The site has undergone continuous growth since launch, and currently serves tens of thousands of monthly visitors. Seatwave.com is a specialized online marketplace where fans can buy and sell tickets for concerts, theatre, sports, and live events and is the largest online ticket marketplace in Europe. Seatwave.com works by allowing Ticket Sellers to post the tickets they have for sale on the Seatwave site, and then letting buyers bid on them. Tickets go to the highest bidder and the site offers guaranteed delivery of tickets to winner and takes a small price off the ticket sold for compensation. 2. Seatwave Information Technology applications Seatwaves success is dependent on its use of technology to help drive the supply and value chains of the business and in its three years since its inception, Seatwave has gone from strength to strength winning numerous accolades, including being named Best Technology Media Company 2009 by The Guardian. Pure 360 emailing Technology Seatwave decided to partner with progressive email marketing providers, Pure360, to create and deliver a highly effective, cost efficient, email marketing campaign by capitalizing on cutting edge email marketing technology. Seatwaves ongoing email marketing campaign uses Pure360s Intelligent Time Sending tool to analyze when each of its customers is most likely to open their emails, and click-through to the website. This information is used to ensure emails arrive in recipients inboxes at the time he or she is most receptive an essential tool as Seatwaves success is dependent on the audience responding quickly and purchasing tickets. Timing is everything for Seatwave, and it is imperative that it sends out the latest information about events and ticket availability as quickly and efficiently as possible. Pure360s Automatic Message Import tool makes it possible for Seatwave to send out the latest offers by uploading web content automatically into their email marketing campaign, meaning they use minimal resources. Seatwave Mobile Application LONDON, ENG (Seatwave) 14 January 2009 Seatwave, Europes largest online fan-to-fan ticket exchange, today announced its newest partnership with mobile platform provider, Snaptu. As part of the companys continued expansion into the mobile environment and in a first for fan-to- fan ticket exchanges, the new application will provide a seamless mobile box office experience for fans. It will allow them to navigate through the full range of European concert dates on their mobile phone, and purchase with one call. Cookies When you view our Site we may store information on the hard drive of your computer in the form of a cookie (essentially a small text file). Cookies allow us to tailor the Site to your interests and preferences. (Seatwave.com 2009) IP Addresses We study visitor trends since we are interested in the successful dissemination of information through the Site. Our server creates log files of information such as the Internet Protocol (IP) address from your network, what pages were explored and the length of your visit. Analysis software is used to generate reports, which helps us to learn more about how we can enhance your experience with the Site. This information is not used to develop a personal profile of you. The log files are regularly deleted (Seatwave.com 2009). Seatwave Ticket finder Seatwave has secured a deal with MSN whereby MSN portal users can use Seatwaves Ticket Finder to search for secondhand tickets. The new objective for the online activity is to increase sales of tickets and encourage more people to sell tickets on the site. Secure Online Account As a buyer, you can review all your previous orders and track their status within My Account. For sellers, My Account allows you to view or amend your listings, track your sales and send out your tickets Seatwave Ticket Cover TicketCover is a new kind of insurance and Seatwave will be the first UK Company to ensure that consumers are refunded for the cost of a seat at sporting, music and other forms of live entertainment, if unforeseen circumstances prevail. Such circumstances include motor breakdown on the way to the venue, illness, injury, jury service and a range of other occurrences that could keep a person away from their chosen event. The service will be administered by Mondial Insurance and the cost of the cover will be included in the price of all Seatwave tickets. Seatwave Ticket Integrity Seatwave guarantee that their tickets come only from legitimate sources and that they will represent them accurately and honestly. They also guarantee that you will receive the tickets you ordered (or similar ones) and that they will be with you by the day of the event. And if they dont keep this commitment to you, they will take reasonable steps to source replacement tickets, of an equivalent value, to make sure you dont miss out. If suitable replacement tickets (determinable solely at our discretion) cannot be found, well refund 100% of the price you paid. No questions. Additionally Seatwave Ticket Integrityâ„ ¢ guarantee is a two-way street. If you are selling tickets they promise that you will receive prompt payment from Seatwave for all orders that are confirmed and fulfilled. 3. Seatwave E-Business Models Seatwave have adopted a combination of two E-business models, a Transaction fee revenue model and an E-Auction model. (Schneider. G 2009) explains that in the fee for transactional revenue model, businesses offer services for which they charge a fee that is based on the number or sized of transactions they process And Seatwave has successfully adopted this model whereby they are paid a commission for every ticket sold. Ttickets can be sold at any price selected by the seller, including below and above the face value printed on the ticket and Seatwave charges buyers a 15% service charge and sellers a 10% success fee. Seatwave has additionally adopted an E- Auction model or as they put it a fan to fan to online ticket exchange system. The online auction business model is one in which participants bid for products and services over the internet. When one thinks of online auctions they typically think of E-Bay, the largest online auction site. Like most auction companies, eBay does not actually sell goods that it owns itself. It merely facilitates the process of listing and displaying goods, bidding on items, and paying for them. It acts as a marketplace for individuals and businesses that use the site to auction off goods and services. Several types of online auctions are possible. In an English auction the initial price starts low and is bid up by successive bidders. In a Dutch auction the price starts high and is reduced until someone buys the item. EBay also offers fixed price listings. 4. Seatwave Financial Performance In January 2009 Seatwave was on 35% market share, GetMeIn (a UK startup founded by US guy James Gray and acquired by Ticketmaster is on 25%, and Viagogo is on 14 The principle industry area to which Seatwave belongs is events ticketing . Unfortunately Seatwave does not publish its financial statement but do provide growth margins which make it easier to measure the success and profitability of the company. Europes Leading Ticket exchange increases lead on the field London: 05 May 2009 Seatwave, Europes leading fan-to-fan ticket exchange, today announced explosive growth LONDON: 05 May 2009 Seatwave, Europes leading fan-to-fan ticket exchange, today announced explosive growth for Q1, supported by ComScores latest report confirming that Seatwave is Europes largest ticket exchange by a factor of more than 2 to 1 versus its nearest competitor. March sales alone grew by 287% year on year, one of the many indicators of the companys increasing success. Insert Courtesy Of Seatwave.com Seatwaves success can be attributed to two main factors superior customer service and an excellent online customer experience. Couple with a great business model The Companys site demonstrates how importantly it takes the customers online experience. Burgess believes that the specific online experience they offer customers is an essential ingredient to the success of the company because the site is streamlined and easy to navigate, and its smartly designed to maintain its efficiency and functionality. The smart design is evident in the ability to quickly buy or sell tickets and business model is adopted is excellent because there is no time and geographical constraints, hence tickets and be sold and bought at any time, 24 / 7 and Sellers and bidders can participate from anywhere that has internet access. This makes them more accessible and reduces the cost of attending an auction. 5. Seatwave Strategy Seatwaves biggest market is the UK and its long term strategy for growth is based on three key parts. Growth by global Expansion Offering Marketing Leading Consumer Protection Partnerships and Affiliations 1. The Seatwave business is growing rapidly and is the market leader in all the markets they operate within. Seatwave operates in nine countries outside the UK. Including Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain, France, Austria, Belgium, Switzerland and Ireland Over 700,000 tickets on sale at any one time Customer base of over 1.9 million unique active users. 1.7 Millions tickets for events in over 38 countries Europe secondary ticket market worth $ 6.8 9.7 billion. Bi- model approach e.g. Transactional Revenue model E-auctioning model Seatwave Cooperate sales which is a dedicated service for corporate entertainment needs. 2. Utilizing Technology Offering Consumer Protection services TicketIntegrityâ„ ¢ guarantees that buyers will receive the tickets they ordered in good time for the event, or offers a full refund. TicketCoverâ„ ¢ which provides a full refund if an event is cancelled. This refund includes the full price of the tickets purchased. TicketCoverâ„ ¢premium which covers buyers for a range of other circumstances that may prevent them from attending their performance, such as transport failure or severe illness. TickFinder is a search application use on the msn portal to help users find secondhand tickets. 3. Partnerships and Affiliations Official Ticket exchange partner of 9 different sport clubs Affiliations with 4 separate music groups e.g. MTV.co.uk, MOBO Awards and Live Nation In partnership with major media organizations e.g. MSN, Virgin Media and a new partnership with HMV Seatwave donates a portion of every sporting ticket sold online to Sparks and is also a member of the Action for Brazils Children Trust. Seatwave are in partnership with UPS to help facilitate and ensure a reliable ticket exchange transaction between buyers and sellers. Part II 6. Suggested Evaluation Criteria The methodologies used for the evaluation of Seatwave.com is based on Webqual which is an instrument for assessing the usability, information, and service interaction quality of Internet web-sites, particularly those offering e-commerce facilities (Webqual.co.uk homepage 2009). WebQual (www.webqual.co.uk) is based on quality function deployment (QFD) a structured and Disciplined process that provides a means to identify and carry the voice of the customer through each stage of product and or service development and implementation (Slabey, 1990). In the context of WebQual for traditional Web sites, users are asked to rate target sites against each of a range of qualities using a 7-point scale. The users are also asked to rate each of the qualities for importance (again, using a 7-point scale), which helps gain understanding about which qualities are considered by the user to be most important in any given situation. In order to build a profile for Seatwave.com, the data was summarized around the questionnaire subcategories, and then the total score for each subcategory was indexed against the maximum score (based on the important rating for questions multiplied by three. The results suggested that the information quality and Usability aspect of the website rated extremely well at 100% respectively. Seatwave has facilitated this by providing tools that help the seller choose an appropriate selling price by comparing the average sale price for tickets being sold for the particular event and having a simple but structured approach to the design of the website and the way it presents information to its customers. Additionally the service interaction weighted score was slightly lower than the other categories at 92.8% but still suggested a high sense of community, personalization and security in terms of processing transactions, however the lack of confidence within the website due to the ethical issues within the resale ticketing industry and the slim line of communication to the organization has robbed the site of a maximum score. It must be noted though that WebQual was not particularly useful for evaluating the technical aspects of the site despite providing a valuable profile of users perception of e-commerce quality, therefore an independent evaluation of its technical viability as an ecommerce site was carried out. And one problem noticed when evaluating the site from a technical point of view is that it failed W3C markup validation, this means that there is no guarantee that the site will look the same in different browsers or even that it will work correctly. Also this means that non-graphical browsers and html translators such as those used by blind people may not be able to communicate the site to a properly. The site has an XHTML transitional DOCTYPE header, this standard should be strictly adhered to in order to avoid the problems outlined above, by doing this the company can be sure that they are reaching the widest possible audience as their site would then work with the vast majority of viewing technologies. Part III Proposed future strategy for Seatwave Future Strategy Seatwave can enhance its future ecommerce business by aligning its current strategy with the primary ticket selling industry which will build up its reputation and strengthen its brand image. According to Katie Allen of the Guardian, Seatwave and rivals such as Viagogo have been accused of encouraging the growth of bedroom touts, who snap up tickets with the sole purpose of making a profit by selling them on, in addition Seatwave, as a secondary market ticket supplier, has no way of verifying if tickets are valid, counterfeit, or genuine. By becoming the leader in the Primary and secondary online ticketing market Seatwave will be able to increase its image as a reputable brand, penetrate new markets and hence increase its profit margins. New Business Strategy Key Factors New Potential Packages As the two entities further combine their operations, they could begin to offer more packages to consumers such as discounted bundles of tickets and recorded music, and could offer corporate sponsors more attractive terms, too. At the same time, a vertically integrated behemoth could have the power to dictate higher prices. Power to dictate Price ( Due To Economy of Scale ) Because it would be so vertically integrated, the new company would also be able to muscle out competing concert promoters and have more power to dictate ticket prices to consumers. The new company would have close ties to an array of artists and boast affiliation and new partnerships right across the entertainment spectrum Expansions into the Americas To new business strategy will allow Seatwave to venture out in to the Americas which is tightly regulated against ticket reselling. Because of the new strategy the business can segment its services geographically. Alliances with other companies The new strategy would merge Europes Largest ticketing exchange facilitator with a dominant ticketing and artist-management company. The resulting firm would be able to manage everything from recorded music to ticket sales and tour sponsorship. It could package artists in new ways, for example, allowing corporations such as a mobile phone provider to sponsor a concert tour and to sell an exclusive download of a song. Conclusion In conclusion Seatwave has dominated the European market and have attracted investment whilst protecting its customer; however the ticketing resale markets remains shrouded with suspicion, unfair practices and dodgy dealings. It and its two main rivals in the UK operate in a controversial area. Ticket touts have a bad reputation and Seatwave and its peers are, according to their critics, merely electronic equivalents of the spivs who hang around the doors of music and sporting venues offering dubiously acquired products. Mr. Cohen points out that his venture offers those who are genuinely unable to obtain the tickets they want through a risk free channels, however a sales Account Manager for Seatwave, Lee Lake, was caught purchasing tickets for various concerts and gigs using 4 different addresses and 4 different credit cards and selling the same tickets through Seatwave at significantly higher prices than face value and not declaring that he is an employee of Seatwave in the transaction. In response, Chief Executive Joe Cohen allegedly stated the tickets were purchased as backstop tickets in case fans selling on Seatwave let people down. This proves that Seatwaves strategy is in need of a revamp to attract a better reputation and removed the stigma that has dogged the industry for so long, the integration of its already strong ecommerce offering with an improved business strategy will be the pied piper that draws large audience to the site and puts its critics to rest. Bibliography Peter, M. (2001). Business Studies p.63-64 UK Hodder Stoughton Ltd Farmers Weekly. (2006). Citing Online Source. Tesco Club card Reward Program ( Accessed 3/27/2008) Mike, M and Malcolm, M (2002) Marketing in Managing Bites p.86 GB Macmillan Press Ltd Peter, M. (2001). Business Studies p.61 UK Hodder Stoughton Ltd Kotler, P. (1998). Principles Of Marketing p. 33 UK Prentice Hall College Bill, W. (2008). Citing Online Source. Will Protest Hurt Tesco Brand ( Accessed 3/27/08) Sir Terry, L. (2008). Citing Online Source. Consumers Changing Lifestyles ( Accessed 3/27/08) Peter, M. (2001). Business Studies p.61 UK Hodder Stoughton Ltd